A variety of pediatric musculoskeletal conditions present with distinct physical examination signs or characteristic resting postures. Match each specific clinical examination finding with the most appropriate underlying diagnosis.
- Passive flexion of the affected hip results in an obligatory external rotation of the thigh.Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
- A palpable 'clunk' is felt when the hip is gently abducted while lifting the greater trochanter anteriorly.Developmental dysplasia of the hip
- The affected arm is held tightly against the body with the elbow slightly flexed and the forearm fully pronated.Radial head subluxation
- Localized tenderness and prominence are noted over the anterior proximal tibia, worsening with resisted knee extension.Osgood-Schlatter disease
Answer
1. Obligatory external rotation matches Slipped capital femoral epiphysis. 2. Palpable clunk on abduction matches Developmental dysplasia of the hip. 3. Flexed and pronated arm matches Radial head subluxation. 4. Anterior proximal tibia tenderness matches Osgood-Schlatter disease.
Each physical examination finding is uniquely characteristic of its corresponding diagnosis, reflecting the specific underlying anatomical disruption. SCFE alters hip biomechanics causing external rotation on flexion. The Ortolani maneuver reduces DDH. Radial head subluxation causes a specific protective posture, and Osgood-Schlatter disease presents with point tenderness at the tibial tubercle.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Classic physical examination findings in pediatric musculoskeletal disorders