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Zorluk: Çok zorThe Harlem Renaissance and the New Negro Movement

Read the following excerpt from the preface to The Book of American Negro Poetry (1922) by James Weldon Johnson:

"No people that has produced great literature and art has ever been looked upon by the world as distinctly inferior. The status of the Negro in the United States is more a question of national mental attitude toward the race than of actual conditions. And nothing will do more to change that mental attitude and raise his status than a demonstration of intellectual parity by the Negro through the production of literature and art."

Which of the following statements best describes the primary ideological goal of the New Negro Movement as expressed in this excerpt?

  1. A
    A rejection of Du Bois's reliance on political agitation in favor of Booker T. Washington's accommodationist strategy of prioritizing economic and vocational alignment with southern white interests.
  2. B
    An argument that Black Americans must abandon the struggle for domestic civil rights and instead focus on emigrating to Africa to build a sovereign, self-governing literary culture.
  3. The strategic cultivation of high cultural and artistic achievements to demonstrate intellectual parity, thereby shifting white public opinion to dismantle systemic inequality and secure full citizenship rights.Cevap
  4. D
    An endorsement of the Universal Negro Improvement Association's goals to establish separate Black-owned industrial enterprises and reject integration into American cultural life.

Cevap

The strategic cultivation of high cultural and artistic achievements to demonstrate intellectual parity, thereby shifting white public opinion to dismantle systemic inequality and secure full citizenship rights.
The correct response is correct because the excerpt explicitly links the production of great literature and art to the elevation of the status of Black Americans and the changing of white public opinion. This represents a central tenet of the New Negro Movement: that demonstrating intellectual and artistic equality would dismantle the cultural foundations of white supremacy and facilitate political integration.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the provided historical text and identify the author's primary argument.
The text asserts that producing great literature and art is the most effective way to change the 'national mental attitude' toward Black Americans and demonstrate 'intellectual parity.'
Understanding the source's literal message is necessary to connect it to the broader historical movement.
2
Contextualize the excerpt within the ideological framework of the New Negro Movement.
The New Negro Movement sought to use the Harlem Renaissance as a platform for self-determination, racial pride, and the dismantling of white supremacy through cultural excellence.
Connecting the document to its historical context helps identify the underlying political and social objectives of the movement.
3
Evaluate the options against the identified historical context and the text's claims.
The statement focusing on the strategic cultivation of art to prove intellectual parity and secure full citizenship rights aligns perfectly with both the text and the mainstream goals of the movement.
This step validates the correct response while weeding out options that misrepresent the movement as accommodationist, separatist, or emigrationist.

Anahtar Kavram

The Harlem Renaissance and the New Negro Movement
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Konular

The Harlem Renaissance and the New Negro Movement

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