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Zorluk: KolayPhilosophical Foundations of the American Revolution

"To understand political power right, and derive it from its original, we must consider, what state all men are naturally in, and that is, a state of perfect freedom to order their actions, and dispose of their possessions and persons, as they think fit, within the bounds of the law of nature, without asking leave, or depending upon the will of any other man. ... The state of nature has a law of nature to govern it, which obliges every one: and reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions."

— John Locke, Second Treatise of Government, 1689

Which of the following principles of the American Revolution is most directly derived from the ideas expressed in the passage?

  1. The belief in natural rights, including life and libertyCevap
  2. B
    The economic doctrine of mercantilism designed to enrich the mother country
  3. C
    The establishment of a strong, centralized federal system of government
  4. D
    The strict constructionist view of political power advocated by early political parties

Cevap

The belief in natural rights, including life and liberty
The correct answer is correct because John Locke's argument that all humans are equal and possess inherent rights to life, liberty, and property (possessions) directly inspired the American colonists. These ideas formed the basis of natural rights, which Thomas Jefferson famously adapted in the Declaration of Independence to justify the separation from Great Britain.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the stimulus passage for key philosophical concepts.
The passage describes individuals in a 'state of nature' who are 'equal and independent' with rights to 'life, health, liberty, or possessions.'
This establishes that the author is describing the concept of natural rights.
2
Connect the concepts identified in the passage to the ideological foundations of the American Revolution.
American colonists used John Locke's ideas of natural rights and the social contract to argue that British policies violated their basic rights, which justified separation.
This bridges the British Enlightenment text with colonial political ideology.
3
Evaluate the options to identify the correct philosophical principle.
The concept of natural rights matches the text's focus on life, liberty, and possessions. The other options refer to economic policies or post-independence constitutional debates.
This allows for the selection of the correct option while discarding the distractors.

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Philosophical Foundations of the American Revolution
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Philosophical Foundations of the American Revolution

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