"By this treaty, the boundary line between the two empires is established. The fortress of Yerevan remains under the authority of the Safavid Shah, and the territory of Iraq, including the city of Baghdad, remains under the authority of the Ottoman Sultan. Both sides agree to prevent raids across the border and to protect pilgrims traveling to holy sites."
— Treaty of Zuhab, 1639
Which of the following was the primary cause of the border division described in the passage?
- The political and religious rivalry between the Sunni Ottoman Empire and the Shi'a Safavid Empire.Cevap
- BThe expansion of a Shi'a Ottoman Empire into Sunni Safavid territories in Persia.
- CThe use of the devshirme system to recruit military elites from Safavid Persian populations.
- DThe direct intervention of European joint-stock companies to control trade in Mesopotamia.
Cevap
The political and religious rivalry between the Sunni Ottoman Empire and the Shi'a Safavid Empire.
The correct answer is correct because the Treaty of Zuhab (1639) settled the long-standing political and religious conflict between the Sunni-led Ottoman Empire and the Shi'a-led Safavid Empire by establishing a stable border between their territories in Mesopotamia and the Caucasus.
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Anahtar Kavram
The Sunni-Shi'a split intensified political rivalries between the Ottoman and Safavid empires.
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