"If we look at the countries of Europe and America, they have attained their present wealth and power through the development of industry, trade, and technology. If Japan wishes to preserve its independence and stand equal among the nations of the world, we must actively learn from the West and establish our own factories, railways, and modern army under the guidance of the Emperor."
— Okubo Toshimichi, Japanese statesman, memo on industrialization, 1874
The modernization efforts described in the passage were most directly motivated by Japan's desire to achieve which of the following goals?
- To resist Western political and economic dominance by building a strong industrial stateCevap
- BTo establish a socialist economy by eliminating private property and factory owners
- CTo skip the first phase of industrialization and adopt electricity as the primary power source
- DTo overthrow direct Western colonial administrators who ruled over the Japanese home islands
Cevap
To resist Western political and economic dominance by building a strong industrial state
The correct answer is correct because the passage explicitly states that Japan must adopt Western-style industry, trade, and military technology to 'preserve its independence and stand equal' with Western powers. This reflects the defensive nature of the Meiji modernization reforms, which aimed to strengthen the country's economic and military capabilities to prevent foreign domination.
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Anahtar Kavram
State-sponsored industrialization in Meiji Japan as a response to Western imperialism.