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Zorluk: KolayState-Sponsored Industrialization and Modernization Efforts

"If we look at the countries of Europe and America, they have attained their present wealth and power through the development of industry, trade, and technology. If Japan wishes to preserve its independence and stand equal among the nations of the world, we must actively learn from the West and establish our own factories, railways, and modern army under the guidance of the Emperor."

— Okubo Toshimichi, Japanese statesman, memo on industrialization, 1874

The modernization efforts described in the passage were most directly motivated by Japan's desire to achieve which of the following goals?

  1. To resist Western political and economic dominance by building a strong industrial stateCevap
  2. B
    To establish a socialist economy by eliminating private property and factory owners
  3. C
    To skip the first phase of industrialization and adopt electricity as the primary power source
  4. D
    To overthrow direct Western colonial administrators who ruled over the Japanese home islands

Cevap

To resist Western political and economic dominance by building a strong industrial state
The correct answer is correct because the passage explicitly states that Japan must adopt Western-style industry, trade, and military technology to 'preserve its independence and stand equal' with Western powers. This reflects the defensive nature of the Meiji modernization reforms, which aimed to strengthen the country's economic and military capabilities to prevent foreign domination.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the stimulus passage for the primary motivation behind Japan's reforms.
The author states that Japan must learn from Western industry, trade, and technology to 'preserve its independence and stand equal among the nations of the world.'
Identifying the author's stated purpose helps connect the passage to the historical context of defensive modernization.
2
Evaluate the options against the historical context of the Meiji Restoration and state-sponsored industrialization.
Japan pursued state-sponsored industrialization (the Meiji Restoration) to build economic and military strength to avoid being colonized or dominated by Western imperial powers, who had already opened Japan to unequal treaties.
Matching the passage's intent with the correct historical process determines the correct answer.

Anahtar Kavram

State-sponsored industrialization in Meiji Japan as a response to Western imperialism.
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