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Zorluk: OrtaL2 Switching Concepts and MAC Table Operation

A Cisco Catalyst switch with an empty MAC address table receives an ingress Ethernet frame on interface GigabitEthernet1/0/24 assigned to VLAN 50. The frame contains a source MAC address of 001B.D455.A1B2 and a destination MAC address of 001B.D488.F9E0. Which processing action does the switch perform upon receiving this frame?

  1. It records source MAC address 001B.D455.A1B2 associated with interface GigabitEthernet1/0/24 in VLAN 50 in its MAC address table and floods the frame out all active interfaces in VLAN 50 except GigabitEthernet1/0/24.Cevap
  2. B
    It drops the frame immediately because the destination MAC address 001B.D488.F9E0 is not present in its MAC address table.
  3. C
    It forwards the frame directly to the default gateway router on VLAN 50 to perform Layer 3 lookup and address resolution.
  4. D
    It floods the frame out all active interfaces in VLAN 50, including GigabitEthernet1/0/24, without updating its MAC address table.

Cevap

The switch records the source MAC address 001B.D455.A1B2 associated with interface GigabitEthernet1/0/24 in VLAN 50 in its MAC address table and floods the frame out all active interfaces in VLAN 50 except GigabitEthernet1/0/24.
When a switch receives a frame, it always performs MAC learning by binding the source MAC address to the ingress port and VLAN. If the destination MAC address is not found in the MAC address table for that VLAN, the switch performs an unknown unicast flood, transmitting the frame out all operational ports within the VLAN except the port on which the frame arrived.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Inspect the ingress frame's source MAC address
The switch reads source MAC address 001B.D455.A1B2 on port GigabitEthernet1/0/24 in VLAN 50.
Layer 2 switches continuously learn source MAC addresses and bind them to their ingress interface and VLAN ID.
2
Update the switch MAC address table
An entry mapping 001B.D455.A1B2 to GigabitEthernet1/0/24 in VLAN 50 is dynamically created with an aging timer.
Populating the table allows future unicast traffic destined for 001B.D455.A1B2 to be forwarded directly out GigabitEthernet1/0/24.
3
Lookup the destination MAC address 001B.D488.F9E0 in the MAC address table
The MAC address table lookup results in a miss (unknown unicast).
The initial state of the MAC address table was completely empty.
4
Execute unknown unicast forwarding logic
The frame is replicated and sent out all active ports assigned to VLAN 50, excluding GigabitEthernet1/0/24.
Flooding ensures the unknown host receives the frame without causing split-horizon interface loops.

Anahtar Kavram

Layer 2 MAC Address Table Learning and Unknown Unicast Flooding Logic
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