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Zorluk: Çok zorExpansion Cards and Power Supplies

A technician is configuring a high-performance workstation for video rendering. The system hardware specifications and peak power draws are as follows:
- CPU: 125 W125\text{ W} TDP
- Dedicated GPU: 300 W300\text{ W} peak draw (requires PCIe x16 bandwidth)
- PCIe Video Capture Expansion Card: 50 W50\text{ W} peak draw (requires a minimum electrical bandwidth of PCIe x8 to prevent input lag)
- Motherboard, RAM, storage, and cooling fans combined: 75 W75\text{ W} total

The installed motherboard features three expansion slots:
- Slot 1: Physical PCIe x16 (electrically wired as PCIe 4.0 x16 directly from the CPU)
- Slot 2: Physical PCIe x16 (electrically wired as PCIe 4.0 x8 directly from the CPU)
- Slot 3: Physical PCIe x16 (electrically wired as PCIe 4.0 x4 through the chipset, sharing bandwidth with an populated M.2 slot)

To prevent unexpected system shutdowns, the technician must size the power supply unit (PSU) with a mandatory 20%20\% power headroom overhead above total peak system consumption. Which continuous PSU rating and expansion card slot arrangement correctly satisfies all power and bandwidth requirements?

  1. Minimum 660 W PSU; GPU installed in Slot 1 and Video Capture Card installed in Slot 2Cevap
  2. B
    Minimum 550 W PSU; GPU installed in Slot 1 and Video Capture Card installed in Slot 2
  3. C
    Minimum 660 W PSU; GPU installed in Slot 1 and Video Capture Card installed in Slot 3
  4. D
    Minimum 475 W PSU; GPU installed in Slot 2 and Video Capture Card installed in Slot 3

Cevap

Minimum 660 W PSU; GPU installed in Slot 1 and Video Capture Card installed in Slot 2
The correct selection specifies a minimum continuous power supply rating of 660 W660\text{ W} alongside installing the GPU into Slot 1 and the Video Capture Card into Slot 2. Total peak system draw is 125 W+300 W+50 W+75 W=550 W125\text{ W} + 300\text{ W} + 50\text{ W} + 75\text{ W} = 550\text{ W}. Applying the required 20%20\% safety margin (550 W×1.20550\text{ W} \times 1.20) requires a PSU rated for at least 660 W660\text{ W}. For expansion slots, Slot 1 offers full PCIe x16 throughput for the graphics card, while Slot 2 provides electrical PCIe x8, satisfying the capture card's minimum bandwidth requirement without throttling.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Calculate total system peak power consumption
125 W (CPU)+300 W (GPU)+50 W (Capture Card)+75 W (System Overhead)=550 W125\text{ W (CPU)} + 300\text{ W (GPU)} + 50\text{ W (Capture Card)} + 75\text{ W (System Overhead)} = 550\text{ W} total peak draw
Accurate power supply sizing must aggregate the maximum peak wattages of all installed internal components.
2
Apply the mandatory 20% safety overhead margin to calculate minimum continuous PSU power rating
550 W×1.20=660 W550\text{ W} \times 1.20 = 660\text{ W} minimum required power supply capacity
Adding a 20% overhead prevents thermal overload shutdowns and accounts for transient power spikes during heavy workload peaks.
3
Determine PCIe slot lane allocation for each expansion card
GPU placed in Slot 1 (PCIe x16 electrical); Video Capture Card placed in Slot 2 (PCIe x8 electrical)
Slot 1 provides full PCIe x16 for the GPU. Slot 2 provides PCIe x8 which satisfies the capture card's requirement. Slot 3 only provides PCIe x4 (further bottlenecked by the M.2 drive) and would throttle the capture card.

Anahtar Kavram

Power supply sizing calculations with safety margins and PCIe expansion slot lane allocation
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