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Zorluk: OrtaFundamental Counting Principle

A furniture manufacturer allows customers to customize a dining set by selecting options from four categories:
- Tabletop shape: rectangular, oval, or round (3 choices)
- Wood finish: oak, walnut, cherry, or maple (4 choices)
- Leg design: tapered, hairpin, or turned (3 choices)
- Number of chairs: 4, 6, or 8 (3 choices)

However, due to space constraints, a round tabletop cannot be paired with a set of 8 chairs. How many distinct dining set configurations can a customer assemble?

Cevap: 96

Cevap

96 distinct dining set configurations can be assembled.
To find the number of valid dining set configurations, calculate total unrestricted choices using the Fundamental Counting Principle: multiplying 3 tabletop shapes, 4 wood finishes, 3 leg designs, and 3 chair count options gives 108 total combinations. Next, count the prohibited combinations consisting of a round tabletop (1 option) paired with 8 chairs (1 option) across all 4 finishes and 3 leg designs, giving 1 × 4 × 3 × 1 = 12 restricted combinations. Subtracting 12 restricted combinations from 108 total combinations yields 96 valid configurations.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Calculate total possible combinations without restrictions
3 × 4 × 3 × 3 = 108 combinations
By the Fundamental Counting Principle, multiplying the number of available options across all independent decision stages gives the total number of unrestricted arrangements.
2
Calculate the number of invalid configurations violating the space constraint
1 × 4 × 3 × 1 = 12 invalid combinations
Restricted configurations consist of 1 tabletop shape (round), 4 wood finishes, 3 leg designs, and 1 chair quantity selection (8 chairs).
3
Subtract the invalid combinations from the total unrestricted combinations
108 - 12 = 96 valid configurations
Subtracting the prohibited configurations from the total possible combinations yields the count of permissible configurations.

Anahtar Kavram

Fundamental Counting Principle with Subtraction of Restricted Cases
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