In a 1932 analysis of early modern Mediterranean trade networks, economic historian Henri Pirenne investigated the distribution of silk textiles produced in Byzantine workshops during the tenth century. While earlier scholars asserted that Byzantine silk exports were strictly monopolized by imperial guilds and restricted to diplomatic gifts, Pirenne demonstrated that independent merchants in Amalfi routinely acquired non-imperial silk grades through unregulated maritime channels. Crucially, Pirenne noted that these non-guild transactions were documented not in formal imperial decrees, but in regional monastic inventories that listed commercial tariffs paid at southern Italian ports. Although these private transactions were exempt from Constantinople's price caps, they remained subject to local harbor duties levied by Lombard dukes.
According to the passage, which of the following is true of the non-guild silk transactions involving Amalfi merchants in the tenth century?
- AThey were strictly regulated by price caps established by Byzantine imperial authorities.
- They were documented in regional monastic inventories rather than in imperial decrees.Cevap
- CThey consisted entirely of high-grade textiles reserved exclusively for diplomatic gifts.
- DThey were completely exempt from all local harbor duties and regional tariffs.
- EThey led directly to the total dissolution of Constantinople's imperial silk guilds.