Real Numbers, Number Line, and Absolute Value

25 soru

Soru 1Soru

If xx and yy are real numbers such that 2x59|2x - 5| \le 9 and y+34|y + 3| \le 4, what is the maximum possible value of x2y+1|x - 2y + 1|?

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Cevap: 2222

Cevap

The maximum possible value of x2y+1|x - 2y + 1| is 22.
The correct answer is 22 because solving the absolute value inequalities gives 2x7-2 \le x \le 7 and 7y1-7 \le y \le 1. To maximize x2y+1x - 2y + 1, we take the largest possible value of xx (77), the smallest possible value of yy (7-7, making 2y=14-2y = 14), and add 11, obtaining 7+14+1=227 + 14 + 1 = 22. Since the lower bound of x2y+1x - 2y + 1 is 3-3, the maximum absolute value is 22=22|22| = 22.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Find the range of possible values for xx from the inequality 2x59|2x - 5| \le 9.
92x59    42x14    2x7-9 \le 2x - 5 \le 9 \implies -4 \le 2x \le 14 \implies -2 \le x \le 7.
An absolute value inequality AB|A| \le B unwraps to BAB-B \le A \le B.
2
Find the range of possible values for yy from the inequality y+34|y + 3| \le 4.
4y+34    7y1-4 \le y + 3 \le 4 \implies -7 \le y \le 1.
Unwrapping the absolute value inequality gives the upper and lower bounds for yy on the real number line.
3
Determine the range of possible values for 2y-2y.
Multiplying 7y1-7 \le y \le 1 by 2-2 and reversing the inequality signs yields 2(1)2y2(7)    22y14-2(1) \le -2y \le -2(-7) \implies -2 \le -2y \le 14.
Multiplying an inequality by a negative number reverses the direction of the inequality signs.
4
Combine the ranges to find the minimum and maximum bounds for z=x2y+1z = x - 2y + 1.
Minimum z=(2)+(2)+1=3z = (-2) + (-2) + 1 = -3; Maximum z=7+14+1=22z = 7 + 14 + 1 = 22. Thus, 3x2y+122-3 \le x - 2y + 1 \le 22.
Adding the individual minimums gives the absolute minimum, and adding the individual maximums gives the absolute maximum.
5
Calculate the maximum value of the absolute value x2y+1|x - 2y + 1|.
max(x2y+1)=max(3,22)=22\\max(|x - 2y + 1|) = \\max(|-3|, |22|) = 22.
The absolute value of a quantity ranging from 3-3 to 2222 reaches its maximum distance from zero at 2222.

Anahtar Kavram

Properties of Real Numbers, Number Line Inequalities, and Absolute Value Operations
Tahmini Süre:2m 30s
Soru 2Soru

On the real number line, point PP represents the real number xx, point QQ represents 77, and point RR represents 5-5. If the distance between PP and QQ is equal to 33 times the distance between PP and RR, what is the sum of all possible values of xx?

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Cevap: 13-13

Cevap

The sum of all possible values of xx is 13-13.
The distance between xx and 77 is x7|x - 7| and the distance between xx and 5-5 is x+5|x + 5|. Equating x7=3x+5|x - 7| = 3|x + 5| leads to two equations: x7=3(x+5)x - 7 = 3(x + 5) giving x=11x = -11, and x7=3(x+5)x - 7 = -3(x + 5) giving x=2x = -2. Adding both solutions yields (11)+(2)=13(-11) + (-2) = -13.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Set up the distance equation using absolute value notation
The distance between P(x)P(x) and Q(7)Q(7) is x7|x - 7|, and the distance between P(x)P(x) and R(5)R(-5) is x(5)=x+5|x - (-5)| = |x + 5|. The problem specifies that x7=3x+5|x - 7| = 3|x + 5|.
Distance between two points aa and bb on a real number line is expressed as ab|a - b|.
2
Solve Case 1 where x7x - 7 and x+5x + 5 have the same sign
x7=3(x+5)    x7=3x+15    22=2x    x=11x - 7 = 3(x + 5) \implies x - 7 = 3x + 15 \implies -22 = 2x \implies x = -11.
When both absolute value expressions have identical signs, x7=3x+5|x - 7| = 3|x + 5| simplifies directly to x7=3(x+5)x - 7 = 3(x + 5).
3
Solve Case 2 where x7x - 7 and x+5x + 5 have opposite signs
x7=3(x+5)    x7=3x15    4x=8    x=2x - 7 = -3(x + 5) \implies x - 7 = -3x - 15 \implies 4x = -8 \implies x = -2.
When the absolute value expressions have opposite signs, x7=3x+5|x - 7| = 3|x + 5| simplifies to x7=3(x+5)x - 7 = -3(x + 5).
4
Calculate the sum of all possible values of xx
(11)+(2)=13(-11) + (-2) = -13.
Summing the two solutions gives the final required value.

Anahtar Kavram

Distance on a number line and absolute value equations
Tahmini Süre:1m 30s
Soru 3Soru

If xx and yy are real numbers such that x+23|x + 2| \le 3 and y52|y - 5| \le 2, which of the following could be the value of xy|x - y|? Select all such values.

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Cevap: 4; 8; 12

Cevap

The possible values for xy|x - y| are 4, 8, and 12.
Solving the inequality x+23|x + 2| \le 3 gives 5x1-5 \le x \le 1, and solving y52|y - 5| \le 2 gives 3y73 \le y \le 7. The minimum possible value of xyx - y occurs at 57=12-5 - 7 = -12, and the maximum value occurs at 13=21 - 3 = -2. Thus, xyx - y lies entirely in the interval [12,2][-12, -2]. Taking absolute values shows that xy|x - y| must lie in the interval [2,12][2, 12]. The numbers 4, 8, and 12 all fall within this interval and are valid solutions.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Solve the absolute value inequality for xx.
3x+23    5x1-3 \le x + 2 \le 3 \implies -5 \le x \le 1
Unpack x+23|x + 2| \le 3 into a compound inequality and isolate xx.
2
Solve the absolute value inequality for yy.
2y52    3y7-2 \le y - 5 \le 2 \implies 3 \le y \le 7
Unpack y52|y - 5| \le 2 into a compound inequality and isolate yy.
3
Determine the minimum and maximum possible values of xyx - y.
Minimum xy=57=12x - y = -5 - 7 = -12; Maximum xy=13=2x - y = 1 - 3 = -2.
To minimize xyx - y, take the smallest xx and largest yy. To maximize xyx - y, take the largest xx and smallest yy.
4
Find the range of xy|x - y|.
2xy122 \le |x - y| \le 12
Since 12xy2-12 \le x - y \le -2, taking the absolute value yields values in the closed interval [2,12][2, 12].
5
Evaluate the choices against the interval [2,12][2, 12].
4, 8, and 12 lie inside [2,12][2, 12], whereas 1 and 15 do not.
Any real number in [2,12][2, 12] is a achievable value for xy|x - y|.

Anahtar Kavram

Real Numbers, Number Line, and Absolute Value Inequalities
Soru 4Soru

On the real number line, the set of all real numbers xx that satisfy the inequality 3x711|3x - 7| \le 11 forms a closed interval [a,b][a, b]. What is the value of a+b|a + b|?

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Cevap: 143\frac{14}{3}

Cevap

The value of a+b|a + b| is 143\frac{14}{3}.
Rewriting the inequality 3x711|3x - 7| \le 11 as 113x711-11 \le 3x - 7 \le 11 and solving yields 43x6-\frac{4}{3} \le x \le 6. Thus, the endpoints are a=43a = -\frac{4}{3} and b=6b = 6. Summing these values gives a+b=143a + b = \frac{14}{3}, and taking the absolute value yields 143\frac{14}{3}.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Express the absolute value inequality as a compound inequality.
113x711-11 \le 3x - 7 \le 11
An inequality of the form uk|u| \le k for k0k \ge 0 is equivalent to kuk-k \le u \le k.
2
Isolate 3x3x by adding 77 to all parts of the inequality.
11+73x11+7    43x18-11 + 7 \le 3x \le 11 + 7 \implies -4 \le 3x \le 18
Adding a constant to all parts preserves the direction of the inequality.
3
Divide all parts by 33 to solve for xx.
43x6-\frac{4}{3} \le x \le 6
Dividing by a positive number isolates xx without flipping inequality signs.
4
Identify interval bounds aa and bb, then calculate a+b|a + b|.
a=43a = -\frac{4}{3}, b=6    a+b=43+183=143    143=143b = 6 \implies a + b = -\frac{4}{3} + \frac{18}{3} = \frac{14}{3} \implies \left|\frac{14}{3}\right| = \frac{14}{3}
The question asks for the absolute value of the sum of the endpoints of interval [a,b][a, b].

Anahtar Kavram

Absolute value inequalities on the number line and interval endpoints
Soru 5Soru

If xx is a real number such that 2x5=x+4|2x - 5| = |x + 4|, which of the following could be the value of x2x^2? Select all such values.

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Cevap: 19\frac{1}{9}; 8181

Cevap

The possible values of x2x^2 are 19\frac{1}{9} and 8181.
To solve 2x5=x+4|2x - 5| = |x + 4|, set 2x52x - 5 equal to both x+4x + 4 and (x+4)-(x + 4). Solving 2x5=x+42x - 5 = x + 4 gives x=9x = 9, which leads to x2=81x^2 = 81. Solving 2x5=x42x - 5 = -x - 4 gives 3x=13x = 1, so x=13x = \frac{1}{3}, which leads to x2=19x^2 = \frac{1}{9}. Therefore, the options representing 19\frac{1}{9} and 8181 are correct.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Set up equations to remove the absolute value bars
Two linear equations: 2x5=x+42x - 5 = x + 4 or 2x5=(x+4)2x - 5 = -(x + 4).
For real numbers AA and BB, A=B|A| = |B| implies A=BA = B or A=BA = -B.
2
Solve the first equation 2x5=x+42x - 5 = x + 4
x=9x = 9.
Subtract xx and add 55 to both sides.
3
Solve the second equation 2x5=x42x - 5 = -x - 4
3x=1    x=133x = 1 \implies x = \frac{1}{3}.
Add xx and add 55 to both sides.
4
Compute x2x^2 for each possible value of xx
If x=9x = 9, then x2=81x^2 = 81. If x=13x = \frac{1}{3}, then x2=19x^2 = \frac{1}{9}.
The question asks for the values of x2x^2, not xx.

Anahtar Kavram

Solving equations with absolute values on both sides requires considering positive and negative case equivalences.
Soru 6Soru

If xx and yy are real numbers such that x43|x - 4| \le 3 and y+25|y + 2| \le 5, what is the maximum possible value of xy|x - y|?

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Cevap: 14

Cevap

The maximum possible value of xy|x - y| is 14.
Solving x43|x - 4| \le 3 gives the closed interval [1,7][1, 7] for xx. Solving y+25|y + 2| \le 5 gives the closed interval [7,3][-7, 3] for yy. The maximum possible value of xy|x - y| is the maximum distance between a point in [1,7][1, 7] and a point in [7,3][-7, 3], which is 7(7)=147 - (-7) = 14.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Determine the range of possible values for xx.
1x71 \le x \le 7
The inequality x43|x - 4| \le 3 represents all numbers within distance 3 of 4 on the number line.
2
Determine the range of possible values for yy.
7y3-7 \le y \le 3
The inequality y+25|y + 2| \le 5 represents all numbers within distance 5 of -2 on the number line.
3
Find the maximum distance between any point xx in [1,7][1, 7] and any point yy in [7,3][-7, 3].
14
The maximum absolute difference xy|x - y| occurs between the upper endpoint of the xx-interval (77) and the lower endpoint of the yy-interval (7-7).

Anahtar Kavram

Absolute value inequalities as distance intervals on the real number line and maximizing differences between bounded variables
Soru 7Soru

On the real number line, xx is a negative real number such that 52x=11|5 - 2x| = 11, and yy is a positive real number such that 3y+1=13|3y + 1| = 13. What is the distance on the real number line between xx and yy?

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Cevap: 7

Cevap

The distance between xx and yy on the real number line is 7.
Solving 52x=11|5 - 2x| = 11 with x<0x < 0 yields x=3x = -3. Solving 3y+1=13|3y + 1| = 13 with y>0y > 0 yields y=4y = 4. The distance between 3-3 and 44 on the number line is 4(3)=7|4 - (-3)| = 7.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Solve for the negative real number xx using the equation 52x=11|5 - 2x| = 11.
x=3x = -3
The equation splits into 52x=115 - 2x = 11 (yielding x=3x = -3) and 52x=115 - 2x = -11 (yielding x=8x = 8). Since xx must be negative, x=3x = -3 is selected.
2
Solve for the positive real number yy using the equation 3y+1=13|3y + 1| = 13.
y=4y = 4
The equation splits into 3y+1=133y + 1 = 13 (yielding y=4y = 4) and 3y+1=133y + 1 = -13 (yielding y=143y = -\frac{14}{3}). Since yy must be positive, y=4y = 4 is selected.
3
Compute the distance between xx and yy on the number line.
7
The distance between two points on the number line is given by yx=4(3)=7|y - x| = |4 - (-3)| = 7.

Anahtar Kavram

Distance on the real number line between two points aa and bb is given by ab|a - b|, solved by evaluating absolute value equations under given sign constraints.

Alternatif Yöntem

Plot the candidate solutions for xx (x=3x = -3 and x=8x = 8) and yy (y=4y = 4 and y=14/3y = -14/3) on a number line, then directly count units between the valid points x=3x = -3 and y=4y = 4.
Tahmini Süre:1m 15s
Soru 8Soru

Let xx and yy be real numbers such that x24=2y|x^2 - 4| = 2y and y31|y - 3| \le 1. Which of the following could be the value of xx? Select all such values.

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Cevap: 3-3; 00; 33

Cevap

The values that xx could take are 3-3, 00, and 33.
The inequality y31|y - 3| \le 1 restricts yy to the closed interval [2,4][2, 4]. Consequently, 2y2y lies in [4,8][4, 8], which means 4x2484 \le |x^2 - 4| \le 8. Breaking this compound inequality into cases yields x=0x = 0 (from x2=0x^2 = 0) or x[12,8][8,12]x \in [-\sqrt{12}, -\sqrt{8}] \cup [\sqrt{8}, \sqrt{12}]. Since 82.83\sqrt{8} \approx 2.83 and 123.46\sqrt{12} \approx 3.46, the integer values 3-3 and 33 fall in these intervals, alongside 00. Thus, 3-3, 00, and 33 are all valid choices.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Determine the acceptable range for yy from the given absolute value inequality.
Solving y31|y - 3| \le 1 gives 1y31-1 \le y - 3 \le 1, which simplifies to 2y42 \le y \le 4.
The inequality ycr|y - c| \le r represents all values of yy within distance rr from cc.
2
Relate the range of yy to the absolute value expression x24|x^2 - 4|.
Since 2y42 \le y \le 4, multiplying by 22 yields 42y84 \le 2y \le 8. Therefore, 4x2484 \le |x^2 - 4| \le 8.
Substitute 2y=x242y = |x^2 - 4| into the inequality derived for yy.
3
Analyze the two cases for the absolute value equation x24|x^2 - 4|.
Case 1: 4x248    8x2124 \le x^2 - 4 \le 8 \implies 8 \le x^2 \le 12, which gives x[12,8][8,12]x \in [-\sqrt{12}, -\sqrt{8}] \cup [\sqrt{8}, \sqrt{12}]. Case 2: 4(x24)8    44x28    4x24    4x204 \le -(x^2 - 4) \le 8 \implies 4 \le 4 - x^2 \le 8 \implies -4 \le -x^2 \le 4 \implies -4 \le x^2 \le 0. Since x20x^2 \ge 0 for all real numbers, x2=0    x=0x^2 = 0 \implies x = 0.
Absolute value A|A| splits into AA when A0A \ge 0 and A-A when A<0A < 0.
4
Evaluate the test values against the valid domains for xx.
For x=3x = -3, x2=9x^2 = 9, which satisfies 89128 \le 9 \le 12. For x=0x = 0, x2=0x^2 = 0, which satisfies x2=0x^2 = 0. For x=3x = 3, x2=9x^2 = 9, which satisfies 89128 \le 9 \le 12. The values x=2x = 2 and x=4x = 4 give x2=4x^2 = 4 and x2=16x^2 = 16, neither of which fall into the valid intervals.
Checking test options confirms which values fall within the solution intervals.

Anahtar Kavram

Absolute Value Equations and System Constraints on Real Numbers
Soru 9Soru

On the real number line, the distance between two real numbers xx and yy is dd. If the midpoint of xx and yy is 77 and x3=2y3|x - 3| = 2|y - 3|, what is the maximum possible value of dd?

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Cevap: 24

Cevap

The maximum possible value of dd is 24.
The midpoint condition dictates that x+y=14x + y = 14, so y=14xy = 14 - x and the distance between them is d=xy=2x7d = |x - y| = 2|x - 7|. Substituting y=14xy = 14 - x into x3=2y3|x - 3| = 2|y - 3| gives x3=211x|x - 3| = 2|11 - x|. Solving the positive case x3=2(x11)x - 3 = 2(x - 11) gives x=19x = 19 and y=5y = -5, resulting in distance d=19(5)=24d = |19 - (-5)| = 24. Solving the negative case x3=2(x11)x - 3 = -2(x - 11) gives x=25/3x = 25/3 and y=17/3y = 17/3, resulting in distance d=8/3d = 8/3. Thus, 24 is the maximum possible value of dd.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Express yy in terms of xx using the midpoint formula
Since the midpoint of xx and yy is 77, x+y2=7\frac{x + y}{2} = 7, which gives y=14xy = 14 - x. The distance d=xy=x(14x)=2x14=2x7d = |x - y| = |x - (14 - x)| = |2x - 14| = 2|x - 7|.
Relating yy to xx reduces the problem to a single variable.
2
Substitute y=14xy = 14 - x into the absolute value equation
x3=2(14x)3    x3=211x=2x11|x - 3| = 2|(14 - x) - 3| \implies |x - 3| = 2|11 - x| = 2|x - 11|.
Setting up the single-variable absolute value equation allows finding all possible values for xx.
3
Solve the absolute value equation for all possible cases
Case 1: x3=2(x11)    x3=2x22    x=19x - 3 = 2(x - 11) \implies x - 3 = 2x - 22 \implies x = 19. Then y=1419=5y = 14 - 19 = -5.
Case 2: x3=2(x11)    x3=2x+22    3x=25    x=253x - 3 = -2(x - 11) \implies x - 3 = -2x + 22 \implies 3x = 25 \implies x = \frac{25}{3}. Then y=14253=173y = 14 - \frac{25}{3} = \frac{17}{3}.
Absolute value equations A=B|A| = B split into A=BA = B and A=BA = -B.
4
Calculate the distance dd for each case and select the maximum
For Case 1 (x=19,y=5x = 19, y = -5): d=19(5)=24d = |19 - (-5)| = 24.
For Case 2 (x=25/3,y=17/3x = 25/3, y = 17/3): d=25/317/3=8/3d = |25/3 - 17/3| = 8/3.
The maximum possible value of dd is 2424.
Comparing the distance values determined in each case identifies the maximum distance.

Anahtar Kavram

Absolute Value as Distance and Multi-Case Equations on the Real Number Line
Tahmini Süre:2m 30s
Soru 10Soru

If xx is a real number such that x29=5x3|x^2 - 9| = 5|x - 3|, which of the following could be the value of xx? Select all such values.

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Cevap: 8-8; 22; 33

Cevap

The values of xx that satisfy the equation are 8-8, 22, and 33.
Factoring the left side of x29=5x3|x^2 - 9| = 5|x - 3| yields x3x+3=5x3|x - 3||x + 3| = 5|x - 3|. Setting the common factor x3=0|x - 3| = 0 gives x=3x = 3. Dividing both sides by the non-zero quantity x3|x - 3| leaves x+3=5|x + 3| = 5, which splits into x+3=5    x=2x + 3 = 5 \implies x = 2 and x+3=5    x=8x + 3 = -5 \implies x = -8. Therefore, 8-8, 22, and 33 are all valid solutions.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Apply the product rule for absolute values to factor the left-hand side.
x29=(x3)(x+3)=x3x+3|x^2 - 9| = |(x - 3)(x + 3)| = |x - 3| \cdot |x + 3|, rewriting the equation as x3x+3=5x3|x - 3| \cdot |x + 3| = 5|x - 3|.
The absolute value of a product is equal to the product of the individual absolute values.
2
Evaluate the case where the shared factor is zero: x3=0|x - 3| = 0.
x3=0    x=3x - 3 = 0 \implies x = 3. Both sides equal 00, making x=3x = 3 a valid solution.
Dividing by x3|x - 3| without checking if it can be zero would cause the loss of the root x=3x = 3.
3
Evaluate the case where x30|x - 3| \neq 0 by dividing both sides of the equation by x3|x - 3|.
x+3=5|x + 3| = 5.
Since x3>0|x - 3| > 0, we can safely divide both sides by this non-zero quantity.
4
Solve the remaining absolute value equation x+3=5|x + 3| = 5.
x+3=5    x=2x + 3 = 5 \implies x = 2, and x+3=5    x=8x + 3 = -5 \implies x = -8.
An expression inside an absolute value equal to a positive number kk can equal either kk or k-k.

Anahtar Kavram

Factoring absolute value expressions using ab=ab|ab| = |a||b| and systematically considering all cases to avoid dropping zero-roots or negative solutions.
Soru 11Soru

On the real number line, the point PP corresponds to the real number xx. If x3=7|x - 3| = 7, which of the following is a possible value of x+5x + 5?

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Cevap: 11

Cevap

The correct answer is 11.
Solving x3=7|x - 3| = 7 produces two possible values for xx: x=10x = 10 and x=4x = -4. Substituting x=4x = -4 into x+5x + 5 yields 4+5=1-4 + 5 = 1, which is listed among the choices.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Set up the two linear equations defined by the absolute value equation x3=7|x - 3| = 7.
The two cases are x3=7x - 3 = 7 and x3=7x - 3 = -7.
By definition of absolute value, k=7|k| = 7 means k=7k = 7 or k=7k = -7.
2
Solve each case for xx.
From x3=7x - 3 = 7, x=10x = 10. From x3=7x - 3 = -7, x=4x = -4.
Adding 33 to both sides of each equation isolates xx.
3
Evaluate x+5x + 5 for both solutions of xx.
If x=10x = 10, x+5=15x + 5 = 15. If x=4x = -4, x+5=1x + 5 = 1.
Substitute each possible value of xx into the expression x+5x + 5.

Anahtar Kavram

Absolute Value as Distance on the Number Line
Tahmini Süre:45s
Soru 12Soru

On the real number line, xx is a real number such that x+25|x + 2| \le 5. Which of the following could be the value of xx? Select all such values.

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Cevap: 7-7; 00; 33

Cevap

The values that satisfy the inequality are 7-7, 00, and 33.
The inequality x+25|x + 2| \le 5 represents all real numbers xx whose distance from 2-2 on the number line is at most 55. This gives the closed interval [7,3][-7, 3]. The values 7-7, 00, and 33 all fall within this range.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Set up the compound inequality for the absolute value expression.
5x+25-5 \le x + 2 \le 5
For any real number expression AA and non-negative constant kk, Ak|A| \le k is equivalent to kAk-k \le A \le k.
2
Isolate xx by subtracting 22 from all parts of the inequality.
52x52    7x3-5 - 2 \le x \le 5 - 2 \implies -7 \le x \le 3
Subtracting a constant from all parts preserves the inequality signs.
3
Evaluate which given choices lie within the interval [7,3][-7, 3].
7-7, 00, and 33 lie within [7,3][-7, 3], while 8-8 and 44 lie outside.
Only values inside or on the boundaries of [7,3][-7, 3] satisfy the inequality.

Anahtar Kavram

Absolute Value Inequalities and Real Number Line Distance
Soru 13Soru

On a number line, point PP corresponds to 3-3 and point QQ corresponds to 55. If point RR is the midpoint of line segment PQPQ, what is the value of RP|R - P|?

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Cevap: 44

Cevap

The correct distance between point P and midpoint R is 4.
The total distance between P(3)P (-3) and Q(5)Q (5) on the real number line is 5(3)=8|5 - (-3)| = 8. Since RR is the midpoint of segment PQPQ, it splits the total length into two equal halves of length 44. Therefore, the distance from PP to RR, represented by RP|R - P|, is 44.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Calculate the total distance between points P and Q on the number line.
Distance PQ=5(3)=5+3=8PQ = |5 - (-3)| = |5 + 3| = 8.
The distance between any two points aa and bb on a number line is given by ba|b - a|.
2
Find the coordinate of the midpoint R.
Coordinate of R=3+52=22=1R = \frac{-3 + 5}{2} = \frac{2}{2} = 1.
The midpoint coordinate is the average of the coordinates of the two endpoints.
3
Calculate the absolute distance between R and P.
RP=1(3)=1+3=4|R - P| = |1 - (-3)| = |1 + 3| = 4.
The absolute value gives the non-negative distance between the midpoint and point P.

Anahtar Kavram

Distance on a Number Line and Midpoint Formula
Soru 14Soru

If x4=9|x - 4| = 9 and x<0x < 0, what is the value of xx?

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Cevap: -5

Cevap

The value of xx is 5-5.
The absolute value equation x4=9|x - 4| = 9 specifies that the distance between xx and 44 on the real number line is equal to 99. Moving 99 units to the left of 44 gives 49=54 - 9 = -5, and moving 99 units to the right gives 4+9=134 + 9 = 13. Because xx is specified to be negative (x<0x < 0), the correct value of xx is 5-5.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Set up the two linear equations representing the absolute value equation x4=9|x - 4| = 9.
x4=9x - 4 = 9 or x4=9x - 4 = -9
By definition, A=B|A| = B (where B0B \ge 0) implies A=BA = B or A=BA = -B.
2
Solve for xx in both equations.
x=13x = 13 or x=5x = -5
Adding 44 to both sides of x4=9x - 4 = 9 gives x=13x = 13, and adding 44 to both sides of x4=9x - 4 = -9 gives x=5x = -5.
3
Select the value of xx that satisfies the given condition x<0x < 0.
x=5x = -5
The value 1313 is positive, while 5-5 is negative and fulfills x<0x < 0.

Anahtar Kavram

Absolute Value as Distance and Solving Absolute Value Equations
Tahmini Süre:45s
Soru 15Soru

On the real number line, pp and qq are real numbers such that 32p5|3 - 2p| \le 5 and q+4=2|q + 4| = 2. What is the maximum possible value of p2q|p^2 - q|?

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Cevap: 22

Cevap

22
Solving 32p5|3 - 2p| \le 5 gives 532p5    1p4-5 \le 3 - 2p \le 5 \implies -1 \le p \le 4, so p2p^2 can range from 00 up to 1616. Solving q+4=2|q + 4| = 2 yields q=2q = -2 or q=6q = -6. To maximize p2q|p^2 - q|, we combine the maximum possible value of p2p^2 (1616) with q=6q = -6, obtaining 16(6)=22|16 - (-6)| = 22.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Solve the absolute value inequality 32p5|3 - 2p| \le 5 for pp.
1p4-1 \le p \le 4
532p5    82p2-5 \le 3 - 2p \le 5 \implies -8 \le -2p \le 2. Dividing by 2-2 and reversing the inequality direction gives 1p4-1 \le p \le 4.
2
Determine the range of possible values for p2p^2.
0p2160 \le p^2 \le 16
Since pp spans from 1-1 to 44 (which includes 00), the minimum square is 02=00^2 = 0 and the maximum square is 42=164^2 = 16.
3
Solve the absolute value equation q+4=2|q + 4| = 2 for qq.
q=2q = -2 or q=6q = -6
q+4=2    q=2q + 4 = 2 \implies q = -2, and q+4=2    q=6q + 4 = -2 \implies q = -6.
4
Find the combination of p2p^2 and qq that maximizes p2q|p^2 - q|.
Maximum value is 22
Pairing p2=16p^2 = 16 with q=6q = -6 yields 16(6)=22|16 - (-6)| = 22, which is greater than 16(2)=18|16 - (-2)| = 18.

Anahtar Kavram

Absolute value inequalities, real number bounds, and distance optimization.
Soru 16Soru

On a real number line, point AA has coordinate 5-5 and point BB has coordinate 1111. Point CC has coordinate xx such that the distance between CC and the midpoint of line segment ABAB is equal to 13\frac{1}{3} of the distance between CC and point BB. What is the maximum possible value of xx?

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Cevap: 5

Cevap

The maximum possible value of xx is 55.
The midpoint of A(5)A(-5) and B(11)B(11) is M=3M = 3. Setting up the distance equation x3=13x11|x - 3| = \frac{1}{3}|x - 11| leads to 3x3=x113|x - 3| = |x - 11|. Evaluating the two cases 3(x3)=x113(x - 3) = x - 11 and 3(x3)=(x11)3(x - 3) = -(x - 11) yields solutions x=1x = -1 and x=5x = 5. The maximum possible value among these is 5.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Calculate the coordinate of the midpoint of line segment ABAB.
Midpoint coordinate M=3M = 3.
The midpoint of two coordinates aa and bb on a number line is given by a+b2=5+112=3\frac{a + b}{2} = \frac{-5 + 11}{2} = 3.
2
Formulate the distance equation using absolute values.
3x3=x113|x - 3| = |x - 11|.
The distance between xx and 33 is x3|x - 3| and the distance between xx and 1111 is x11|x - 11|. The given condition is x3=13x11|x - 3| = \frac{1}{3}|x - 11|.
3
Solve the absolute value equation for all possible values of xx.
x=1x = -1 and x=5x = 5.
Splitting 3(x3)=x113(x - 3) = x - 11 yields x=1x = -1, and splitting 3(x3)=(x11)3(x - 3) = -(x - 11) yields x=5x = 5.
4
Select the maximum value among all valid solutions.
55
Comparing x=1x = -1 and x=5x = 5, the maximum value is 55.

Anahtar Kavram

Distance on a number line using absolute value and midpoint formula
Tahmini Süre:2m 0s
Soru 17Soru

For how many integer values of xx does the inequality 2x754||2x - 7| - 5| \le 4 hold true?

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Cevap: 10

Cevap

10
To solve 2x754||2x - 7| - 5| \le 4, break the outer absolute value into 42x754-4 \le |2x - 7| - 5 \le 4. Adding 5 to all parts yields 12x791 \le |2x - 7| \le 9. This produces two simultaneous conditions: 2x79|2x - 7| \le 9, which gives 1x8-1 \le x \le 8, and 2x71|2x - 7| \ge 1, which gives x3x \le 3 or x4x \ge 4. Intersecting these solution sets yields the real intervals [1,3][-1, 3] and [4,8][4, 8]. The integers contained within these intervals are 1,0,1,2,3-1, 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4,5,6,7,84, 5, 6, 7, 8, giving a total of 10 valid integer values.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Unpack the outer absolute value inequality
42x754-4 \le |2x - 7| - 5 \le 4
An inequality of the form uk|u| \le k for k0k \ge 0 is equivalent to kuk-k \le u \le k.
2
Isolate the inner absolute value term
12x791 \le |2x - 7| \le 9
Adding 5 across the compound inequality isolates the term 2x7|2x - 7|.
3
Solve the upper bound inequality 2x79|2x - 7| \le 9
1x8-1 \le x \le 8
92x79    22x16    1x8-9 \le 2x - 7 \le 9 \implies -2 \le 2x \le 16 \implies -1 \le x \le 8.
4
Solve the lower bound inequality 2x71|2x - 7| \ge 1
x3x \le 3 or x4x \ge 4
The inequality u1|u| \ge 1 splits into u1u \ge 1 or u1u \le -1, yielding 2x71    x42x - 7 \ge 1 \implies x \ge 4 or 2x71    x32x - 7 \le -1 \implies x \le 3.
5
Determine the overlapping interval and count integer solutions
10 integer solutions
The intersection of [1,8][-1, 8] with ((,3][4,))((-\infty, 3] \cup [4, \infty)) is [1,3][4,8][-1, 3] \cup [4, 8]. The integers in this domain are 1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, which equals 10 integer values.

Anahtar Kavram

Solving nested absolute value inequalities on the real number line
Soru 18Soru

On the real number line, xx is a real number such that its distance from 11 is at most 66, and its distance from 2-2 is at least 44. Which of the following inequalities represents all possible values of xx?

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Cevap: 2x72 \le x \le 7

Cevap

The inequality 2x72 \le x \le 7 represents all possible values of xx.
The distance condition 'at most 6 units from 1' translates to x16|x - 1| \le 6, yielding the interval [5,7][-5, 7]. The condition 'at least 4 units from -2' translates to x+24|x + 2| \ge 4, yielding x6x \le -6 or x2x \ge 2. Finding the values that belong to both conditions requires taking the intersection of [5,7][-5, 7] and (,6][2,)(-\infty, -6] \cup [2, \infty). Since [5,7][-5, 7] does not overlap with (,6](-\infty, -6], the only overlapping region is [2,7][2, 7], which corresponds to 2x72 \le x \le 7.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Express the geometric distance conditions as absolute value inequalities
Condition 1: x16|x - 1| \le 6. Condition 2: x(2)=x+24|x - (-2)| = |x + 2| \ge 4.
The distance between two numbers aa and bb on the number line is given by ab|a - b|.
2
Solve the first inequality x16|x - 1| \le 6
6x16    5x7-6 \le x - 1 \le 6 \implies -5 \le x \le 7.
An absolute value inequality of the form uk|u| \le k (for k0k \ge 0) unwraps to kuk-k \le u \le k.
3
Solve the second inequality x+24|x + 2| \ge 4
x+24x + 2 \ge 4 or x+24    x2x + 2 \le -4 \implies x \ge 2 or x6x \le -6.
An absolute value inequality of the form uk|u| \ge k (for k0k \ge 0) unwraps to uku \ge k or uku \le -k.
4
Find the intersection of the two solution sets
Combine [5,7][-5, 7] with (,6][2,)(-\infty, -6] \cup [2, \infty). The intersection of [5,7][-5, 7] and (,6](-\infty, -6] is empty since 5>6-5 > -6. The intersection of [5,7][-5, 7] and [2,)[2, \infty) is [2,7][2, 7], which means 2x72 \le x \le 7.
The variable xx must satisfy both conditions simultaneously.

Anahtar Kavram

Distance on a number line expressed as absolute value inequalities and finding overlapping intervals
Tahmini Süre:2m 0s
Soru 19Soru

On the real number line, points PP, QQ, and RR have coordinates xx, yy, and zz, respectively, such that x2=5|x - 2| = 5, y+4=3|y + 4| = 3, and zz is the midpoint of segment PQPQ. If x<yx < y, what is the value of zz?

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Cevap: -2

Cevap

The coordinate of point RR (the value of zz) is 2-2.
Solving the two absolute value equations yields x{3,7}x \in \{-3, 7\} and y{7,1}y \in \{-7, -1\}. Testing the given constraint x<yx < y across all four possible ordered pairs reveals that only x=3x = -3 and y=1y = -1 satisfy the condition, since 3<1-3 < -1 is true while all other pairs fail. The midpoint of points with coordinates 3-3 and 1-1 is 3+(1)2=2\frac{-3 + (-1)}{2} = -2.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Solve the absolute value equation x2=5|x - 2| = 5.
x=7x = 7 or x=3x = -3
The equation x2=5|x - 2| = 5 splits into x2=5    x=7x - 2 = 5 \implies x = 7 and x2=5    x=3x - 2 = -5 \implies x = -3.
2
Solve the absolute value equation y+4=3|y + 4| = 3.
y=1y = -1 or y=7y = -7
The equation y+4=3|y + 4| = 3 splits into y+4=3    y=1y + 4 = 3 \implies y = -1 and y+4=3    y=7y + 4 = -3 \implies y = -7.
3
Evaluate all candidate pairs (x,y)(x, y) under the inequality constraint x<yx < y.
The only valid pair is x=3x = -3 and y=1y = -1.
Comparing all four combinations: 7<17 < -1 (false), 7<77 < -7 (false), 3<7-3 < -7 (false), and 3<1-3 < -1 (true).
4
Calculate the midpoint zz of the segment PQPQ.
z=2z = -2
The midpoint of coordinates 3-3 and 1-1 on a number line is given by their average: 3+(1)2=2\frac{-3 + (-1)}{2} = -2.

Anahtar Kavram

Absolute Value Equations and Midpoint on the Real Number Line
Soru 20Soru

Let aa and bb be non-zero real numbers such that a+b=3ab|a + b| = 3|a - b|. What is the value of a2+b2ab\left|\frac{a^2 + b^2}{ab}\right|?

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Cevap: 52\frac{5}{2}

Cevap

The value of a2+b2ab\left|\frac{a^2 + b^2}{ab}\right| is 52\frac{5}{2}.
Squaring both sides of the given equation a+b=3ab|a + b| = 3|a - b| eliminates the absolute values to give (a+b)2=9(ab)2(a + b)^2 = 9(a - b)^2. Expanding and simplifying yields 2a25ab+2b2=02a^2 - 5ab + 2b^2 = 0, which factors as (2ab)(a2b)=0(2a - b)(a - 2b) = 0. Thus, b=2ab = 2a or a=2ba = 2b. In either case, substituting into a2+b2ab\left|\frac{a^2 + b^2}{ab}\right| reduces the expression to 52\frac{5}{2}.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Square both sides of the absolute value equality
(a+b)2=9(ab)2(a + b)^2 = 9(a - b)^2
Since both sides of a+b=3ab|a + b| = 3|a - b| are non-negative real numbers, squaring preserves equality and eliminates the absolute value signs.
2
Expand both algebraic expressions and collect like terms
a2+2ab+b2=9a218ab+9b2    8a220ab+8b2=0    2a25ab+2b2=0a^2 + 2ab + b^2 = 9a^2 - 18ab + 9b^2 \implies 8a^2 - 20ab + 8b^2 = 0 \implies 2a^2 - 5ab + 2b^2 = 0
Expanding the binomial squares allows combining like terms to solve for the relationship between aa and bb.
3
Factor the quadratic expression in terms of aa and bb
(2ab)(a2b)=0    b=2a or a=2b(2a - b)(a - 2b) = 0 \implies b = 2a \text{ or } a = 2b
Factoring determines the exact proportional relationship between aa and bb.
4
Substitute the relation into the target expression
\left|\frac{a^2 + (2a)^2}{a(2a)}\right| = \left|\frac{5a^2}{2a^2}\right| = \frac{5}{2}
Substituting b=2ab = 2a allows a2a^2 to cancel completely, leaving a constant numerical value.

Anahtar Kavram

Properties of Real Numbers and Absolute Value Equations
Tahmini Süre:2m 0s
Sayfa 1 / 2Sonraki
Real Numbers, Number Line, and Absolute Value Alıştırma Soruları — GRE General Test | Examkin