During the dry season in Nigeria, pastoral Fulani cattle herders migrate southward toward the Middle Belt and major river valleys, but return northward with the onset of the rainy season. What is the primary environmental factor that restricts their permanent, year-round settlement in the humid southern forest and moist savanna zones?
- The high infestation of tsetse flies which transmit animal trypanosomiasis in humid environmentsCevap
- BThe widespread cultivation of grain crops such as millet and sorghum across the southern rainforest belt
- CThe complete absence of river valleys and natural surface water sources during the rainy season in the south
- DThe persistence of severe drought and intense harmattan dust storms year-round along the southern coast
Cevap
The high infestation of tsetse flies which transmit animal trypanosomiasis in humid environments
Transhumance in Nigeria is largely dictated by climate seasonality and vector-borne diseases. During the rainy season, humidity and dense vegetation in the southern forest and humid savanna zones lead to a surge in tsetse fly populations. Tsetse flies transmit trypanosomiasis (nagana) to non-resistant cattle, forcing pastoralists to migrate back to the drier, tsetse-free northern savanna belts.
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Anahtar Kavram
Factors influencing pastoralism and transhumance patterns in Nigeria