Read the passage below carefully:
Across the coastal communities of Pemba Island, Tanzania, local fisheries management has undergone a profound shift through the establishment of community-led marine conservation areas. For decades, destructive fishing practices and overexploitation severely depleted coral reef ecosystems, threatening both biodiversity and the livelihoods of artisanal fishers. In response, local councils collaborated with marine biologists to introduce periodic reef closures and restrict non-selective fishing gear. By granting coastal villages legal authority to monitor and enforce fishing boundaries within their traditional waters, these community-managed reserves have allowed fish stocks to recover significantly. Consequently, neighboring unmanaged fishing zones have experienced a spillover effect, resulting in increased fish yields for local catches. This decentralized governance model demonstrates that empowering resource-dependent communities yields far more sustainable conservation outcomes than top-down state enforcement.
Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?
- ARestricting non-selective gear and enforcing periodic reef closures are the primary techniques required to restore depleted marine ecosystems.
- Empowering local communities with resource management authority produces more effective conservation outcomes than centralized state enforcement.Cevap
- CCentralized state enforcement has proven completely ineffective across all East African coastal fisheries management initiatives.
- DUnmanaged fishing zones require immediate privatization to prevent the total collapse of artisanal fishing livelihoods.