Match each core observation or premise of Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection on the left with its corresponding logical deduction or ecological outcome on the right.
- Organisms produce far more offspring than the environment can support (Overproduction)Intense competition and struggle for existence among individuals in a population
- Natural populations exhibit heritable differences among individuals (Variation)Differential survival and reproductive success of individuals with advantageous traits
- Environmental resources such as food, space, and mates remain limitedPopulation numbers remain relatively stable over long periods despite high reproductive output
Cevap
The correct matches pair overproduction of offspring with the intense struggle for existence; heritable variation among individuals with differential survival and reproduction; and limited environmental resources with the maintenance of stable population numbers.
Matching overproduction with the struggle for existence reflects Darwin's observation that population growth outpaces resources. Matching heritable variation with differential survival correctly identifies how natural selection favors adapted individuals. Matching limited resources with stable population numbers accurately describes ecological population regulation.
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Anahtar Kavram
Darwin's Premises and Deductions of Natural Selection