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Zorluk: Çok zorCash and Bank Summary Analysis for Missing Cash Receipts and Payments

Mr. Chukwuma operates a retail business with incomplete accounting records. The following financial details were extracted regarding his cash transactions for the year ended 31 December 2025:

Transaction / Account DetailAmount (N\text{N})
Cash balance as at 1 January 202515,40015,400
Cash balance as at 31 December 202522,10022,100
Cash banked from daily receipts385,000385,000
Operating expenses paid directly from cash receipts32,60032,600
Proprietor's cash drawings taken before banking24,00024,000
Cash paid to trade creditors48,50048,500
Cash received from sale of old equipment18,00018,000
Cash discounts allowed to trade debtors5,0005,000

Based on the cash summary analysis, what is the total cash receipts from sales for the year ended 31 December 2025?

Cevap: 478800 Naira

Cevap

The total cash receipts from sales for the year ended 31 December 2025 is ₦478,800.
To find the missing cash receipts from sales, reconstruct the Cash Summary Account by balancing debit and credit entries. The total credit side comprises all cash payments (banked takings of ₦385,000, operating expenses of ₦32,600, drawings of ₦24,000, payments to creditors of ₦48,500) plus the closing cash balance (₦22,100), totaling ₦512,200. Subtracting the opening cash balance (₦15,400) and the non-sales cash receipt from selling old equipment (₦18,000) gives the missing cash sales of ₦478,800. Discounts allowed are non-cash items and must be omitted entirely.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Summarize total cash payments and closing cash balance
Cash Banked (₦385,000) + Operating Expenses (₦32,600) + Cash Drawings (₦24,000) + Payments to Creditors (₦48,500) + Closing Cash Balance (₦22,100) = ₦512,200
All cash usages and ending cash on hand represent the total credit side of the cash summary account.
2
Identify non-cash items to exclude from the cash summary
Discount allowed of ₦5,000 is excluded.
Discounts allowed do not involve actual movement of cash and must not be posted into the cash account.
3
Summarize known cash receipts and opening cash balance
Opening Cash Balance (₦15,400) + Cash from Sale of Equipment (₦18,000) = ₦33,400
These items represent non-sales debit entries in the cash summary.
4
Calculate missing cash receipts from sales
₦512,200 - ₦33,400 = ₦478,800
By double-entry balance, total cash outflows and closing balance minus opening cash and non-trading cash receipts equals trading cash sales.

Anahtar Kavram

Cash Summary Analysis for Missing Figures in Incomplete Records
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