Examkin

Soru

Zorluk: OrtaIndustrial Chemical Processes and Biotechnology Applications

Arrange the following sequential steps involved in the industrial biotechnology process of producing ethanol from starchy roots (cassava) in the correct chronological order from first to last.

  1. 1Mashing crushed cassava roots with high-pressure steam to rupture cell walls and release starch granules
  2. 2Adding malt containing diastase at approximately 50∘C50^\circ\text{C} to hydrolyze starch into maltose
  3. 3Inoculating the mixture with yeast containing maltase and zymase to ferment sugars into ethanol and carbon(IV) oxide
  4. 4Subjecting the fermented wash to fractional distillation to isolate concentrated ethanol

Cevap

The correct chronological order of industrial ethanol production from cassava is: (1) Mashing crushed cassava roots with steam to release starch granules, (2) Adding malt containing diastase to hydrolyze starch into maltose, (3) Inoculating with yeast containing maltase and zymase to ferment sugars into ethanol, and (4) Subjecting the fermented wash to fractional distillation to isolate concentrated ethanol.
The production of industrial ethanol from cassava follows a logical sequence: raw starchy material is first physically prepared and cooked (mashing with steam), hydrolyzed by enzymes into fermentable sugars (diastase converts starch to maltose), fermented by yeast enzymes (maltase and zymase convert sugars to ethanol and carbon(IV) oxide), and finally purified by fractional distillation to collect concentrated ethanol.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify raw material physical preparation
Crushed cassava is steam-mashed to gelatinize starch and release starch granules.
Raw plant cell walls must be broken so that enzymes can interact efficiently with starch molecules.
2
Identify enzymatic breakdown of complex carbohydrate polymers
Diastase enzyme in malt breaks down starch into maltose disaccharides.
Yeast cannot directly ferment large complex starch polymers efficiently without prior hydrolysis.
3
Identify biological fermentation stage
Maltase converts maltose to glucose, and zymase ferments glucose into ethanol and CO2CO_2.
Anaerobic fermentation by enzymes in yeast yields ethanol as the major liquid metabolic product.
4
Identify final physical separation and concentration stage
Fractional distillation concentrates ethanol from the aqueous wash mixture.
Fermentation yields aqueous ethanol (about 10−15%10-15\% purity), which requires separation from water based on ethanol's lower boiling point (78.3∘C78.3^\circ\text{C}).

Anahtar Kavram

Enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and purification in industrial biotechnology ethanol manufacture
Bu soruyu puanla

Konular

Industrial Chemical Processes and Biotechnology Applications