A research vessel emits a high-frequency acoustic pulse vertically downward toward the sea… — JAMB UTME

A research vessel emits a high-frequency acoustic pulse vertically downward toward the seabed. The signal reflects off the ocean floor and is detected by the vessel's receiver $1.6\text{ s}$ after transmission. If the speed of sound in seawater is $1500\text{ m/s}$ , what is the depth of the ocean floor at this point?

A
$2400\text{ m}$
$1200\text{ m}$ Cevap
C
$600\text{ m}$
D
$937.5\text{ m}$

Cevap

The depth of the ocean floor is

1200\text{ m}

The correct answer is

1200\text{ m}

. Since an echo involves a two-way journey (from the vessel down to the ocean floor and back up), the sound wave takes half of the total time (

0.8\text{ s}

) to reach the bottom. Multiplying the speed of sound in seawater (

1500\text{ m/s}

) by

0.8\text{ s}

yields the correct depth of

1200\text{ m}

Adım Adım Çözüm

Determine the time taken for the sound wave to travel one way to the ocean floor.

t_{\text{one-way}} = \frac{t_{\text{total}}}{2} = \frac{1.6\text{ s}}{2} = 0.8\text{ s}

An echo involves sound traveling from the transmitter to the reflecting surface and back to the receiver.

Calculate the depth using the speed of sound in seawater.

\text{Depth } d = v \times t_{\text{one-way}} = 1500\text{ m/s} \times 0.8\text{ s} = 1200\text{ m}

The distance traveled in one direction equals the speed of sound multiplied by the one-way travel time.

Anahtar Kavram

Echo location and depth sounding using two-way wave propagation

Tahmini Süre:1m 0s

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