Arrange the following sequential stages of freshwater eutrophication—a major process of environmental water degradation caused by agricultural runoff—from the initial nutrient input to the final ecological collapse:
- 1Leaching and transport of synthetic fertilizers containing nitrates and phosphates from farmland into nearby water bodies.
- 2Rapid algal growth and proliferation on the surface of the water, forming a dense algal bloom.
- 3Blockage of sunlight penetration to deeper water layers, leading to the death of submerged aquatic vegetation.
- 4Prophase of aerobic bacterial decomposition of accumulated dead plant matter, consuming dissolved oxygen.
- 5Development of extreme hypoxia resulting in widespread fish kills and ecosystem collapse.
Cevap
The correct sequence begins with fertilizer nutrient runoff into water bodies, followed by rapid algal bloom formation, blockage of sunlight causing plant death, aerobic bacterial decomposition consuming dissolved oxygen, and finally severe hypoxia leading to massive fish mortality.
The correct order follows the natural biogeochemical feedback loop of eutrophication: excessive nutrient influx drives surface algal proliferation, which blocks sunlight, leading to plant die-off, aerobic bacterial oxygen consumption, and ultimately aquatic hypoxia.
Adım Adım Çözüm
Anahtar Kavram
Process and stages of aquatic eutrophication as a form of environmental degradation