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Zorluk: ZorOxides of Carbon and Trioxocarbonate(IV) Salts

A mixture of 50 cm350\text{ cm}^3 of carbon(II) oxide and 30 cm330\text{ cm}^3 of oxygen was ignited in an eudiometer tube to complete reaction. After cooling to room temperature and pressure, the resulting gas mixture was passed through concentrated potassium hydroxide solution. What is the volume of the residual gas remaining?

  1. 5 cm35\text{ cm}^3Cevap
  2. B
    20 cm320\text{ cm}^3
  3. C
    50 cm350\text{ cm}^3
  4. D
    55 cm355\text{ cm}^3

Cevap

The volume of residual gas remaining is 5 cm35\text{ cm}^3.
According to Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes, 2 cm32\text{ cm}^3 of CO\text{CO} combines with 1 cm31\text{ cm}^3 of O2\text{O}_2 to produce 2 cm32\text{ cm}^3 of CO2\text{CO}_2. For 50 cm350\text{ cm}^3 of CO\text{CO}, exactly 25 cm325\text{ cm}^3 of O2\text{O}_2 is required, leaving 5 cm35\text{ cm}^3 of O2\text{O}_2 unreacted. The reaction generates 50 cm350\text{ cm}^3 of CO2\text{CO}_2. Passing the mixture through concentrated potassium hydroxide (KOH\text{KOH}) removes all 50 cm350\text{ cm}^3 of CO2\text{CO}_2 via trioxocarbonate(IV) salt formation, leaving behind only the 5 cm35\text{ cm}^3 of unreacted oxygen gas.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of carbon(II) oxide.
2CO(g)+O2(g)→2CO2(g)2\text{CO}_{(g)} + \text{O}_{2(g)} \rightarrow 2\text{CO}_{2(g)}
Establishing the combining volume ratio according to Gay-Lussac's Law.
2
Determine the reacting volumes and the limiting reactant.
2 volumes of CO\text{CO} react with 1 volume of O2\text{O}_2. Therefore, 50 cm350\text{ cm}^3 of CO\text{CO} reacts with 502=25 cm3\frac{50}{2} = 25\text{ cm}^3 of O2\text{O}_2. Oxygen is in excess.
To find how much oxygen is consumed and how much remains unreacted.
3
Calculate the volume of products formed and unreacted gas remaining after combustion.
Volume of CO2\text{CO}_2 produced = 50 cm350\text{ cm}^3. Volume of excess O2\text{O}_2 remaining = 30 cm3−25 cm3=5 cm330\text{ cm}^3 - 25\text{ cm}^3 = 5\text{ cm}^3.
Stoichiometric yield of CO2\text{CO}_2 equals the initial volume of CO\text{CO} burned.
4
Account for the absorption of carbon oxides by concentrated KOH.
CO2\text{CO}_2 is an acidic oxide and reacts with potassium hydroxide: CO2(g)+2KOH(aq)→K2CO3(aq)+H2O(l)\text{CO}_{2(g)} + 2\text{KOH}_{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{K}_2\text{CO}_{3(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O}_{(l)}. All 50 cm350\text{ cm}^3 of CO2\text{CO}_2 is absorbed. Residual gas = 5 cm35\text{ cm}^3 of O2\text{O}_2.
Potassium hydroxide selectively absorbs carbon(IV) oxide gas.

Anahtar Kavram

Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes and chemical absorption properties of carbon oxides
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Konular

Oxides of Carbon and Trioxocarbonate(IV) Salts

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