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Zorluk: ZorInferential Comprehension and Deduction

Read the passage below carefully:

In the steep, densely populated Kigezi highlands of southwestern Uganda, soil erosion historically threatened agricultural sustainability until farmers adopted rigorous contour terracing. Recently, demographic pressures have forced younger generations to subdivide these centuries-old terraced plots into narrow, fragmented strips. To maximize immediate yields on these diminished parcels, many smallholders have abandoned the laborious maintenance of grass strips and stone bunds that stabilize the slope contours. While initial seasonal harvests of high-value cash crops like Irish potatoes appeared lucrative, recent torrential rains have triggered severe rill erosion and landslide cascades across unmaintained hillsides. Agricultural economists note that while local cooperative credit societies readily finance synthetic fertilizers and imported seeds for high-yield farming, they explicitly exclude landscape maintenance and soil conservation infrastructure from their loan portfolios. Consequently, resource-constrained farmers prioritize short-term crop inputs that offer prompt cash returns over long-term structural repairs whose benefits accumulate over decades.

Based on the passage, evaluate the truth of the following statement: The lending policies of local cooperative credit societies indirectly contribute to structural soil degradation in the region.

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Cevap

The statement is TRUE. By funding short-term agricultural inputs while excluding soil conservation infrastructure from loan portfolios, credit societies create financial incentives that lead resource-constrained farmers to neglect slope maintenance, indirectly accelerating soil degradation.
The text shows that credit societies fund high-yield inputs like seeds and fertilizer while explicitly excluding soil conservation infrastructure from loan portfolios. Because farmers are resource-constrained, this financing structure incentivizes short-term agricultural investment over essential slope maintenance, indirectly causing severe soil erosion and degradation.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the financial constraints and lending policies described in the passage.
Cooperative credit societies finance synthetic fertilizers and seeds but explicitly exclude landscape maintenance and soil conservation infrastructure.
Understanding institutional loan rules reveals where financial capital is directed.
2
Examine how farmers react to these financial parameters.
Resource-constrained farmers prioritize short-term crop inputs with immediate returns over unfinanced long-term structural maintenance.
Connecting loan availability to smallholder decision-making exposes the economic driver of land management choices.
3
Deduce the ultimate environmental consequence of this behavior.
Unmaintained grass strips and stone bunds fail during heavy rains, leading to severe erosion and landslides.
Synthesizing the link between credit policy, maintenance neglect, and environmental damage confirms that the lending policy indirectly drives soil degradation.

Anahtar Kavram

Inferential Cause-and-Effect Deduction
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