What is the correct sequential order of laboratory steps required to obtain pure, dry copper(II) sulfate crystals from a mixture of solid copper(II) sulfate and insoluble sand?
- 1Add distilled water to the solid mixture and stir thoroughly.
- 2Filter the mixture using a funnel and filter paper.
- 3Gently heat the filtrate in an evaporating dish until it reaches saturation.
- 4Allow the hot saturated solution to cool gradually at room temperature.
- 5Filter off the formed crystals and dry them gently between sheets of filter paper.
Cevap
The correct sequence begins with dissolving the soluble component in water, filtering to remove insoluble sand, heating the filtrate to obtain a saturated solution, cooling gradually to precipitate pure crystals, and finally filtering and drying the isolated crystals.
The purification of a mixture containing a soluble salt and an insoluble impurity requires dissolving the salt in water first, followed by filtration to remove the insoluble residue. To obtain pure crystals, the filtrate must be heated only until saturated and then allowed to cool slowly, as rapid or total evaporation to dryness destroys hydrated crystals. Finally, filtering and blotting the crystals isolates pure, dry hydrated salt.
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Anahtar Kavram
Multi-step purification of soluble and insoluble solid mixtures via selective dissolution, filtration, evaporation to saturation, and crystallization.