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Zorluk: OrtaLaws of Chemical Combination (Conservation of Mass, Definite & Multiple Proportions)
At constant temperature and pressure, 30 cm330\text{ cm}^3 of hydrogen gas reacts completely with 15 cm315\text{ cm}^3 of oxygen gas to form steam according to the balanced equation:
2H2(g)+O2(g)→2H2O(g)2\text{H}_2(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow 2\text{H}_2\text{O}(g)
What is the volume of steam produced, and which law of chemical combination governs this gas volume relationship?
  1. 30 cm330\text{ cm}^3; Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining VolumesCevap
  2. B
    45 cm345\text{ cm}^3; Law of Conservation of Mass
  3. C
    15 cm315\text{ cm}^3; Law of Definite Proportions
  4. D
    22.4 cm322.4\text{ cm}^3; Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes

Cevap

The volume of steam produced is 30 cm330\text{ cm}^3, governed by Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes.
According to Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes, gases combine in simple numerical ratios by volume at constant temperature and pressure. In the balanced reaction 2H2(g)+O2(g)→2H2O(g)2\text{H}_2(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow 2\text{H}_2\text{O}(g), 2 volumes of hydrogen combine with 1 volume of oxygen to yield 2 volumes of steam. Thus, 30 cm330\text{ cm}^3 of hydrogen produces 30 cm330\text{ cm}^3 of steam.

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1
Identify the mole/volume ratio from the balanced chemical equation.
The coefficient ratio for H2(g):O2(g):H2O(g)\text{H}_2(g) : \text{O}_2(g) : \text{H}_2\text{O}(g) is 2:1:22 : 1 : 2.
By Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes, when gases react at constant temperature and pressure, their reacting volumes and the volume of gaseous products are in simple numerical ratios equal to their stoichiometric coefficients.
2
Calculate the volume of steam produced from the volume of reacting hydrogen gas.
\text{Volume of } \text{H}_2\text{O}(g) = 30\text{ cm}^3 \times \frac{2}{2} = 30\text{ cm}^3
Since the ratio of hydrogen to steam is 2:22 : 2 (or 1:11 : 1), 30 cm330\text{ cm}^3 of hydrogen produces an equal volume (30 cm330\text{ cm}^3) of steam.
3
Identify the law of chemical combination illustrated.
Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes.
This specific law deals with the simple integer ratios between reacting gas volumes under identical conditions of temperature and pressure.

Anahtar Kavram

Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes states that when gases react, they do so in volumes which bear a simple whole-number ratio to one another and to the volume of any gaseous product, provided temperature and pressure remain constant.
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Laws of Chemical Combination (Conservation of Mass, Definite & Multiple Proportions)

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