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Zorluk: OrtaNervous Coordination and Sense Organs

When bright light shines directly into a human eye, the pupil rapidly constricts in an involuntary response to protect the retina from light damage. Which sequence correctly represents the flow of the nerve impulse through the reflex arc during this response?

  1. Photoreceptors in retina →\rightarrow sensory neuron →\rightarrow brain stem integration center →\rightarrow motor neuron →\rightarrow iris sphincter muscleCevap
  2. B
    Photoreceptors in retina →\rightarrow motor neuron →\rightarrow brain stem integration center →\rightarrow sensory neuron →\rightarrow iris sphincter muscle
  3. C
    Iris sphincter muscle →\rightarrow sensory neuron →\rightarrow brain stem integration center →\rightarrow motor neuron →\rightarrow photoreceptors in retina
  4. D
    Photoreceptors in retina →\rightarrow sensory neuron →\rightarrow iris sphincter muscle →\rightarrow motor neuron →\rightarrow brain stem integration center

Cevap

Photoreceptors in retina →\rightarrow sensory neuron →\rightarrow brain stem integration center →\rightarrow motor neuron →\rightarrow iris sphincter muscle
The correct answer accurately traces the unidirectional flow of a reflex arc: stimulus perception by the sensory receptor (retina), signal conduction via afferent (sensory) neurons to the central integration center (brain stem), and signal transmission via efferent (motor) neurons to the target muscle (iris sphincter).

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the stimulus and receptor
Bright light stimulates photoreceptors (rods and cones) located in the retina.
The reflex pathway must begin at the sensory receptor that detects the environmental change.
2
Trace afferent signal transmission
Nerve impulses travel along the sensory neuron of the optic nerve toward the central nervous system.
Sensory neurons transmit impulses from receptors toward the integrating center.
3
Trace central integration and efferent transmission
The brain stem processes the signal and transmits impulses via motor neurons of the oculomotor nerve to the iris muscle.
The integration center routes the response along motor pathways to the effector organ.

Anahtar Kavram

Pupillary reflex arc pathway
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Konular

Nervous Coordination and Sense Organs

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