Soru

Zorluk: Çok zorAngles of Elevation, Depression, and Bearings

A boat sails 10 km10\text{ km} from a port PP on a bearing of 040040^\circ to a point QQ. From QQ, it changes direction and sails 103 km10\sqrt{3}\text{ km} on a bearing of 130130^\circ to reach a point RR. What is the bearing of port PP from point RR?

  1. 280280^\circCevap
  2. B
    100100^\circ
  3. C
    250250^\circ
  4. D
    160160^\circ

Cevap

The bearing of port P from point R is 280280^\circ.
By drawing North reference lines at P, Q, and R, the back bearing of P from Q is 040+180=220040^\circ + 180^\circ = 220^\circ. The bearing of R from Q is 130130^\circ, creating an interior right angle of 220130=90220^\circ - 130^\circ = 90^\circ at Q. Using right-triangle trigonometry, tan(QPR)=10310=3\tan(\angle QPR) = \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{10} = \sqrt{3}, giving QPR=60\angle QPR = 60^\circ. Adding this to the initial bearing of 040040^\circ gives the bearing of R from P as 100100^\circ. Finally, adding 180180^\circ gives the reverse bearing of P from R as 280280^\circ.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Determine the interior angle PQR\angle PQR at vertex QQ
PQR=90\angle PQR = 90^\circ
The back bearing of P from Q is 040+180=220040^\circ + 180^\circ = 220^\circ. The bearing of R from Q is 130130^\circ. The interior angle between QP and QR is 220130=90220^\circ - 130^\circ = 90^\circ.
2
Calculate the angle QPR\angle QPR inside right-angled triangle PQRPQR
QPR=60\angle QPR = 60^\circ
Since triangle PQRPQR is right-angled at QQ, tan(QPR)=oppositeadjacent=QRPQ=10310=3\tan(\angle QPR) = \frac{\text{opposite}}{\text{adjacent}} = \frac{QR}{PQ} = \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{10} = \sqrt{3}. Therefore, QPR=arctan(3)=60\angle QPR = \arctan(\sqrt{3}) = 60^\circ.
3
Find the forward bearing of point RR from port PP
Bearing of RR from P=100P = 100^\circ
The bearing of Q from P is 040040^\circ. Since R lies to the right (clockwise) of segment PQ, add QPR=60\angle QPR = 60^\circ to 040040^\circ: 040+60=100040^\circ + 60^\circ = 100^\circ.
4
Compute the back bearing of port PP from point RR
Bearing of PP from R=280R = 280^\circ
The back bearing is obtained by adding 180180^\circ to the forward bearing from P to R: 100+180=280100^\circ + 180^\circ = 280^\circ.

Anahtar Kavram

Three-point bearing calculations using right-triangle trigonometry and back bearings
Tahmini Süre:2m 30s
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