During field investigations in a humid tropical highland underlain by dense, jointed limestone, geologists observed both deep subterranean cave expansion and sudden downhill displacement of mud-rich regolith following torrential rains. Which statement accurately identifies the specific weathering mechanism operating on the bedrock and the distinct movement process displacing the surface material?
- Carbonation dissolves the limestone bedrock in situ through carbonic acid reactions, while mass wasting in the form of a mudflow displaces saturated surface regolith downslope under gravity.Cevap
- BExfoliation peels outer rock layers off the limestone bedrock through diurnal thermal expansion, while fluvial erosion transports the loosened sediment downstream.
- CHydrolysis chemically transforms the limestone into metamorphic slate bedrock, which then undergoes frost shattering to push debris downslope.
- DOxidation breaks down calcium ions in situ, while running water acts as the primary mass wasting agent carrying the material as bedload.
Cevap
Carbonation dissolves the limestone bedrock in situ through carbonic acid reactions, while mass wasting in the form of a mudflow displaces saturated surface regolith downslope under gravity.
The correct answer identifies that carbonation is the in-situ chemical weathering mechanism where weak carbonic acid dissolves jointed limestone to form subterranean caverns, and that mudflow is the rapid downslope mass wasting movement triggered by water saturation reducing friction along a slope.
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Anahtar Kavram
Distinction between in-situ weathering (carbonation) and gravity-driven mass wasting (mudflow)
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