Commercial Law and Consumer Protection

Match each legal concept relating to the creation and authority of agency under commercial law with its correct definition.

A commercial firm enters into a contract on October 1 to supply 1,000 custom branded folders to a corporate client by October 30. On October 15, the firm explicitly informs the client that it will not deliver the items due to an unexpected surge in paper prices. The client immediately contracts a replacement supplier at a higher price without waiting until October 30. Which of the following statements correctly describes the legal position of the parties under contract law?

In commercial law, agency relationships are formed through specific legal mechanisms, and agents operate under distinct categories of legal authority and risk. Match each agency concept or agent type on the left with the legal condition or commercial scenario on the right that accurately exemplifies it.

In commercial law, a contract entered into by a minor for the supply of necessaries suitable to their condition in life is legally valid and binding.

Folake was appointed by Zenith Merchants to negotiate the purchase of a commercial property. During the transaction, the property vendor offered Folake an undisclosed financial commission of ₦500,000 to expedite the deal, which she accepted without informing her principal. Which of the following best describes the legal position of Zenith Merchants regarding this financial commission?

A building contractor agrees to construct a commercial cold room facility for a food processing firm. After completing approximately 60% of the construction strictly according to the agreed specifications, the food processing firm wrongfully repudiates the contract and orders the contractor off the site. If the contractor chooses not to sue for total breach of contract damages but instead seeks payment for the proportion of work already executed, which legal remedy should the contractor claim?

Match each mode of agency creation under commercial law with its corresponding legal definition.

Alhaji Audu owes Tunde $2,000,000$. To secure the debt, Alhaji Audu executes an agreement appointing Tunde as his agent to sell a commercial warehouse and recover the debt from the sale proceeds. Before Tunde finds a buyer, Alhaji Audu issues a formal notice revoking Tunde's authority. Under the law of agency, what is the legal position regarding this revocation?

A timber merchant in Benin appointed a buying agent and privately instructed him not to purchase mahogany logs above ₦200,000 per truckload. However, the merchant had previously informed local sawmill operators that the agent possessed full discretion to negotiate purchases on his behalf. If the agent enters into a contract to buy mahogany logs for ₦230,000 per truckload from a sawmill operator who relied on the merchant's prior statement, under which form of legal authority is the principal bound to the contract?

In commercial law, agency relationships create distinct rights, obligations, and legal boundaries. Match each commercial scenario described below with the corresponding type of agency creation, authority, or agent classification it illustrates.

Under the provisions of the Hire Purchase Act, a transport company hired a delivery truck for its haulage operations. Halfway through the agreed payment schedule, the company decided to discontinue the arrangement due to a downturn in business. Which of the following statements correctly describes the hirer's legal position in this situation?

Nkechi was appointed by Bature Enterprises as a commercial agent to store and sell a consignment of agricultural machinery. In performing her duties, Nkechi incurred and paid $450,000$ Naira for necessary warehousing and freight out of her personal funds. Before any sale was executed, Bature Enterprises abruptly revoked her authority and demanded the immediate surrender of all machinery without reimbursing her expenses or paying her accrued commission. Under the Law of Agency, what legal right can Nkechi exercise regarding the machinery in her possession?

Match each commercial scenario in Column I with its corresponding legal concept governing contract discharge, vitiating elements, or remedies in Column II.

Under the Sale of Goods Act, an unpaid seller's exercise of the right of lien over goods in their possession automatically rescinds the contract of sale and revests property in the seller.

A textile manufacturer in Aba engages a mercantile agent to sell fabrics on credit to regional merchants. To safeguard against debt default, the manufacturer pays the agent an extra fee in exchange for a guarantee that all credit buyers will pay for the goods delivered. Which type of commercial agent has been appointed?

Match each legal concept or situation under the Law of Agency in Column A with its corresponding legal principle or outcome in Column B.

Under the Sale of Goods Act, if a buyer accepts goods despite the seller's breach of an implied condition, the buyer forfeits all legal remedies and is completely barred from claiming monetary damages for the breach.

A supermarket owner purchased a consignment of imported beverages from a wholesaler. A month after delivery, customs officials seized the inventory because the wholesaler had failed to pay the required import duties prior to the sale. Under the Sale of Goods Act, which of the following best describes the buyer's legal remedy against the wholesaler?

Which of the following correctly pairs each category of commercial agent with its primary legal function or scope of authority?

Babatunde was engaged as a general mercantile agent for a manufacturing firm. Contrary to the firm's express written instruction to sell goods solely on a cash basis, Babatunde sold a shipment of goods on credit to a third-party buyer who subsequently defaulted on payment. Under the Law of Agency, which of the following statements correctly describes the legal rights and liabilities of the parties?