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Botanist: The rare Moonflower typically blooms only when exposed to a specific ultrasonic frequency produced by the wings of the Silver Moth. However, a thriving population of blooming Moonflowers was recently discovered on a remote island where Silver Moths are completely absent. Clearly, another species of insect on this island must produce this same ultrasonic frequency, thereby triggering the flowers to bloom.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the botanist's argument?

  1. When grown from seed in a silent, controlled laboratory setting, Moonflowers from the remote island will not bloom unless exposed to the specific ultrasonic frequency.Cevap
  2. B
    A species of bat indigenous to the remote island emits echolocation clicks at the exact ultrasonic frequency that triggers the Moonflower.
  3. C
    The precise time of year when the island's Moonflowers bloom corresponds directly to a seasonal increase in the overall insect population on the island.
  4. D
    A significantly higher percentage of insect species on the remote island produce high-frequency sounds compared to the insect species in the Moonflower's native habitat.
  5. E
    Any native plant on the remote island that is exposed to the specific ultrasonic frequency produced by the Silver Moth will rapidly begin to bloom.

Cevap

The option stating that Moonflowers from the island will not bloom in a silent laboratory unless exposed to the specific frequency.
The botanist concludes that another insect species on the island is producing the required ultrasonic frequency. This argument fundamentally relies on the assumption that the island Moonflowers still actually require this frequency to bloom. The correct answer eliminates the alternative explanation that the island population has simply evolved to bloom without any acoustic stimulation. By confirming that the frequency is still biologically necessary for these specific flowers, it strengthens the premise that the frequency must be physically present on the island, thereby bolstering the conclusion.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the core components of the argument.
Premise: Moonflowers need a specific ultrasonic frequency to bloom, usually from Silver Moths. Premise: Blooming Moonflowers are on an island without Silver Moths. Conclusion: Another insect on the island produces the frequency.
Understanding the structural relationship between premises and conclusion is necessary to evaluate gaps.
2
Identify the logical gap or assumption made by the author.
The author assumes that the Moonflowers on the island still require the ultrasonic frequency to bloom, rather than having adapted to bloom without it.
Arguments often rely on unstated assumptions that, if false, would cause the argument to collapse.
3
Evaluate the answer choices to find one that supports this assumption or rules out an alternative explanation.
The correct answer demonstrates that the island Moonflowers still biologically require the frequency, ruling out the alternative that they evolved to no longer need it.
Eliminating a viable alternative explanation (that the plants changed) forces us to accept that the frequency is present, strengthening the claim that a new insect is providing it.

Anahtar Kavram

Ruling Out Alternative Explanations (Defender Assumption)
Tahmini Süre:1m 30s
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Strengthen

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