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Zorluk: OrtaParallel Causal Reasoning

A recent survey of corporate executives found that those who take frequent vacations are significantly more likely to receive promotions than those who take few vacations. The researchers concluded that taking time off from work reduces burnout, which in turn leads to career advancement.

The flawed reasoning in the argument above is most similar to that in which one of the following?

  1. Data shows that cities with an abundance of public parks tend to have higher average property values than cities with fewer parks. This demonstrates that building public spaces fosters community engagement, which consequently drives up real estate prices.Cevap
  2. B
    Studies indicate that people who regularly drink copious amounts of coffee are more likely to suffer from insomnia than those who do not. Therefore, the exhaustion from being unable to sleep causes people to consume more caffeinated beverages in order to stay awake.
  3. C
    Students who consistently study in groups generally score higher on final exams than those who study alone. Thus, studying in groups is probably just one of several effective strategies that can temporarily improve a student's academic performance.
  4. D
    A strong national economy is always accompanied by high consumer confidence. Therefore, if a government wants to boost the confidence of its citizens, it must first focus exclusively on strengthening the underlying economy.
  5. E
    Surveys reveal that corporate executives who take frequent vacations are also more likely to engage in regular exercise. This shows that the discipline required to maintain a strict workout routine is the exact same discipline that allows executives to efficiently plan time away from work.

Cevap

The argument concluding that building public spaces fosters community engagement, which consequently drives up real estate prices.
The correct answer perfectly mirrors the logical structure of the stimulus. Both arguments begin with a premise establishing a statistical correlation between two phenomena (vacations and promotions; parks and property values). Both then conclude with a definitive causal relationship, notably introducing a brand-new intermediate mechanism in the conclusion to explain the causality (reduced burnout; community engagement) that was entirely absent from the premises.

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1
Analyze the structural components of the stimulus argument.
Premise: Correlation between X (vacations) and Y (promotions). Conclusion: X causes an unstated intermediate factor Z (reduced burnout), which in turn causes Y.
Identifying the exact premise-to-conclusion logical pathway is required to find a structural match in Parallel Reasoning questions.
2
Identify the logical flaw and the specific causal features.
The argument makes a definitive causal claim based entirely on a statistical correlation, and uniquely introduces a novel intermediate explanatory mechanism in the conclusion.
The correct answer must replicate this exact causal jump, matching the direction of causality and the introduction of a middle step.
3
Evaluate the options against the stimulus structure.
The option concerning public parks matches perfectly: it moves from a correlation (parks and property values) to a definitive causal chain involving a new intermediate mechanism (community engagement).
Parallel arguments must match the causal direction, conclusion certainty, and structural quirks of the original argument.

Anahtar Kavram

Parallel Causal Reasoning
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Parallel Causal Reasoning

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