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Zorluk: Çok zorParallel Flaw

Securing a patent for a software algorithm necessitates that the source code resolves a unique technical problem rather than merely automating a known business practice. The newly developed 'Nexus' algorithm definitively solves a previously intractable technical bottleneck in data routing. Consequently, the Nexus algorithm will undoubtedly be granted a patent.

Which of the following arguments exhibits a flawed pattern of reasoning most similar to that exhibited by the argument above?

  1. A
    The newly composed symphony is globally recognized as a masterpiece of modern classical music. Thus, every individual movement within the symphony must be a masterpiece in its own right.
  2. B
    A candidate is eligible for the executive board only if they possess at least ten years of industry experience. Since Marcus is not seeking a position on the executive board, it follows that he must lack ten years of industry experience.
  3. C
    A software patent is never issued if the application relies entirely on existing open-source code libraries. The 'Apex' software suite relies completely on open-source modules for its core functionality. Therefore, the Apex suite will not receive a patent.
  4. Because achieving optimal bloom requires a species of orchid to be exposed to consistent nightly temperature drops, the rare ghost orchid is sure to achieve an optimal bloom this season. After all, meteorologists predict consistent nightly temperature drops for the entire region where it is cultivated.Cevap
  5. E
    Some dietary supplements have been proven to enhance cognitive function when taken regularly. Therefore, anyone who takes dietary supplements regularly will experience enhanced cognitive function.

Cevap

The argument concerning the rare ghost orchid and its optimal bloom accurately mirrors the flaw found in the original text.
The stimulus argument exhibits a classic conditional logic flaw: treating a necessary condition as if it were a sufficient condition. It establishes that solving a unique technical problem is required (necessitated) to secure a patent. It then observes that the Nexus algorithm met this requirement, and flawed conclusions that it is therefore guaranteed a patent. The correct answer choice mirrors this exactly in a different context: it establishes that temperature drops are required for an optimal bloom, notes that the ghost orchid will experience these drops, and flawed conclusions that the bloom is therefore guaranteed. The structural mapping is identical, even though the correct choice buries the conclusion in the middle of the text to increase difficulty.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the logical structure of the stimulus argument.
Premise 1: Patent → Resolves technical problem (Necessary condition). Premise 2: Nexus → Resolves technical problem. Conclusion: Nexus → Patent.
Identifying the formal logic relationships is required to abstract the argument's structure.
2
Identify the specific logical flaw committed in the stimulus.
The argument confuses a necessary condition for a sufficient condition. Just because the algorithm met a requirement for a patent does not guarantee it will receive one.
Parallel Flaw questions require finding an answer choice that commits the exact same error in reasoning.
3
Evaluate the answer choices to find the matching flawed structure, ignoring subject matter.
The correct option states: Optimal bloom → Temp drops (Necessary condition). Ghost orchid → Temp drops. Conclusion: Ghost orchid → Optimal bloom.
This choice perfectly replicates the 'confusing necessary for sufficient' flaw, despite the premises and conclusion being presented in a different grammatical order.

Anahtar Kavram

Parallel Flaw: Confusing Necessary and Sufficient Conditions
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Konular

Parallel Flaw

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