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Zorluk: OrtaPart-to-Whole Rhetorical Function

In the late nineteenth century, historians studying the rapid growth of industrial cities in the American Midwest hypothesized that urban development was driven almost entirely by the expansion of the rail network. Sociologist Marcus Vance, however, argued that this explanation overlooks the crucial role of local municipal incentive programs. Vance analyzed demographic records from several mid-sized Illinois towns between 1870 and 1890. He found that towns offering tax exemptions to new factories grew at nearly twice the rate of neighboring towns with similar rail access. This finding suggests that regional transport infrastructure was a necessary, but not sufficient, factor in urban industrialization, highlighting the agency of local policymakers in shaping economic geography.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

  1. A
    It suggests that local policymakers offered tax exemptions because they anticipated future railway expansion.
  2. B
    It states the main conclusion of the passage about how regional transport networks shaped midwestern cities.
  3. It presents the specific empirical finding from Vance's research that supports his claim regarding the role of local policy.Cevap
  4. D
    It proves that rail access was entirely irrelevant to the industrialization of the towns analyzed in the study.

Cevap

The choice stating that the sentence presents the specific empirical finding from Vance's research that supports his claim regarding the role of local policy.
The correct option correctly identifies the function of the underlined sentence, which is to provide the empirical data showing that towns with tax exemptions grew at a faster rate. This finding directly supports Vance's argument that municipal incentives were a key factor in urban development, rather than rail infrastructure alone.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the structure of the passage to identify the primary argument and counter-argument.
The passage presents a traditional view (rail networks drove growth), introduces Vance's counter-argument (municipal incentives also mattered), describes Vance's study, and concludes that rail was necessary but not sufficient.
Understanding the overall text structure is essential for determining how a specific part relates to the whole.
2
Examine the local context and content of the underlined sentence.
The underlined sentence states that towns offering tax exemptions grew twice as fast as towns with similar rail access but without exemptions.
This step clarifies what the specific part is doing on a literal level.
3
Determine the logical connection between this specific finding and the author's overall argument.
The finding provides concrete evidence that supports Vance's argument that municipal incentives were a crucial factor in urban growth.
This establishes the part-to-whole rhetorical function, leading to the selection of the correct option.

Anahtar Kavram

Part-to-Whole Rhetorical Function
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Part-to-Whole Rhetorical Function

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