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Zorluk: ZorNonlinear Systems of Equations
y=x28x+cy=2x5\begin{aligned} y &= x^2 - 8x + c \\ y &= 2x - 5 \end{aligned}

In the system of equations above, cc is a constant. If the system has two real solutions, (x1,y1)(x_1, y_1) and (x2,y2)(x_2, y_2), such that the product of the yy-coordinates of the solutions, y1y2y_1 y_2, is equal to 55, what is the value of cc?

Cevap: 15

Cevap

The value of the constant cc is 1515.
Substituting the expression for yy from the linear equation into the quadratic equation yields the single variable quadratic equation x210x+(c+5)=0x^2 - 10x + (c+5) = 0. Using Vieta's formulas, the sum of the roots is x1+x2=10x_1 + x_2 = 10 and the product of the roots is x1x2=c+5x_1 x_2 = c+5. Substituting these relationships into the expanded product of the yy-coordinates, y1y2=(2x15)(2x25)=4x1x210(x1+x2)+25y_1 y_2 = (2x_1 - 5)(2x_2 - 5) = 4x_1 x_2 - 10(x_1 + x_2) + 25, allows us to set up the equation 5=4(c+5)100+255 = 4(c+5) - 100 + 25. Solving for cc yields 1515. Checking the discriminant of the quadratic equation at c=15c=15 gives 10080=20100 - 80 = 20, which is positive, confirming the existence of two distinct real solutions.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Substitute the expression for yy from the second equation into the first equation.
2x5=x28x+c    x210x+(c+5)=02x - 5 = x^2 - 8x + c \implies x^2 - 10x + (c+5) = 0
This substitution reduces the system to a single quadratic equation whose roots, x1x_1 and x2x_2, represent the xx-coordinates of the intersection points.
2
Apply Vieta's formulas to the resulting quadratic equation.
x1+x2=10x_1 + x_2 = 10 and x1x2=c+5x_1 x_2 = c+5
Vieta's formulas state that for a quadratic equation ax2+bx+d=0ax^2 + bx + d = 0, the sum of the roots is ba-\frac{b}{a} and the product of the roots is \frac{d}{a}.
3
Express the product of the yy-coordinates, y1y2y_1 y_2, in terms of x1x_1 and x2x_2 using the linear relationship.
y1y2=(2x15)(2x25)=4x1x210(x1+x2)+25y_1 y_2 = (2x_1 - 5)(2x_2 - 5) = 4x_1 x_2 - 10(x_1 + x_2) + 25
Since both intersection points lie on the line y=2x5y = 2x - 5, we can substitute y1=2x15y_1 = 2x_1 - 5 and y2=2x25y_2 = 2x_2 - 5 and expand.
4
Substitute the Vieta's formulas relations into the product equation and solve for cc.
5=4(c+5)10(10)+25    5=4c+20100+25    5=4c55    60=4c    c=155 = 4(c + 5) - 10(10) + 25 \implies 5 = 4c + 20 - 100 + 25 \implies 5 = 4c - 55 \implies 60 = 4c \implies c = 15
By substituting the known values of (x1+x2)(x_1 + x_2) and (x1x2)(x_1 x_2) and setting the product y1y2y_1 y_2 to 55, we obtain a linear equation in terms of cc that we can solve directly.

Anahtar Kavram

Solving systems of linear-quadratic equations using algebraic substitution and Vieta's formulas.
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