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Zorluk: ZorHuman Physiology, Health, and Diseases

Match the water-soluble vitamins listed in List-I with their characteristic deficiency pathologies described in List-II:

  • Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)Beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome resulting from impaired carbohydrate oxidation
  • Vitamin B3 (Niacin)Pellagra marked by the clinical triad of photosensitive dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia
  • Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)Sideroblastic anemia and peripheral neuropathy resulting from impaired heme and neurotransmitter synthesis
  • Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)Pernicious anemia accompanied by subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord

Cevap

Vitamin B1 matches with Beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome; Vitamin B3 matches with Pellagra; Vitamin B6 matches with Sideroblastic anemia and peripheral neuropathy; Vitamin B12 matches with Pernicious anemia and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord.
Each water-soluble vitamin fulfills a distinct biochemical coenzymatic role. Thiamine (B1) is essential for oxidative decarboxylation in carbohydrate metabolism, preventing cardiac and neurological Beriberi. Niacin (B3) generates NAD/NADP for redox reactions, preventing Pellagra. Pyridoxine (B6) acts as a cofactor in transamination and heme formation, preventing sideroblastic anemia and neuropathy. Cobalamin (B12) is necessary for DNA maturation and myelin maintenance, preventing pernicious anemia and spinal cord degeneration.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) function and deficiency state
Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is critical for pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Deficiency impairs ATP production, causing Beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff encephalopathy.
Identify the primary metabolic pathway affected by Thiamine impairment.
2
Analyze Vitamin B3 (Niacin) function and deficiency state
Niacin forms NAD+/NADP+. Its deficiency manifests as Pellagra, characterized by the 3 Ds: dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.
Identify the systemic organ systems affected by NAD depletion.
3
Analyze Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) function and deficiency state
Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) is essential for neurotransmitter synthesis and delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthase in heme synthesis. Deficiency produces sideroblastic anemia and peripheral neuropathy.
Differentiate B6-dependent microcytic anemia from B12 macrocytic anemia.
4
Analyze Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) function and deficiency state
Cobalamin is required for methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. Lack of intrinsic factor leads to pernicious anemia (megaloblastic) and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord.
Establish the specific neuro-hematological link unique to Cobalamin deficiency.

Anahtar Kavram

Metabolic roles and pathological manifestations of B-complex vitamin deficiencies in human physiology
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Konular

Human Physiology, Health, and Diseases

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