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Soru

Zorluk: ZorHuman Physiology, Health, and Diseases

Scrub Typhus is an acute febrile infectious disease of significant public health concern in several regions of India. Which of the following statements correctly identifies the causative pathogen and primary vector responsible for transmitting this disease to humans?

  1. It is caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi and transmitted to humans by the larval stage of trombiculid mites.Cevap
  2. B
    It is caused by an arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family and transmitted to humans primarily through the bite of Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes.
  3. C
    It is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani and transmitted to humans via the bite of infected Phlebotomus sandflies.
  4. D
    It is caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and transmitted directly through feco-orally contaminated food and water.

Cevap

Scrub Typhus is caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi and is transmitted to humans by the larval stage of trombiculid mites (chiggers).
Scrub Typhus is a zoonotic rickettsial infection caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. The disease is transmitted to humans when larval trombiculid mites (chiggers), belonging mainly to the genus Leptotrombidium, bite humans while feeding. A characteristic black eschar often forms at the bite site.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the biological nature of the causative pathogen for Scrub Typhus
Orientia tsutsugamushi (formerly Rickettsia tsutsugamushi) is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium.
Establishing pathogen type differentiates bacterial rickettsial infections from viral and protozoan tropical diseases.
2
Identify the transmission vector and life cycle stage responsible for human infection
Human infection occurs via the bite of the larval stage ('chigger') of trombiculid mites (Leptotrombidium species).
Only the larval mites feed on tissue fluids of vertebrates; adult and nymphal mites live freely in the soil feeding on plant debris.
3
Distinguish Scrub Typhus etiology from other common endemic vector-borne diseases in India
Culex mosquitoes transmit Japanese Encephalitis virus; sandflies transmit Leishmania donovani; Salmonella Typhi spreads via contaminated water without a vector.
Systematically eliminates distractors presenting mismatched pathogen-vector pairs.

Anahtar Kavram

Disease Etiology and Vector Transmission of Scrub Typhus
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Konular

Human Physiology, Health, and Diseases

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