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Zorluk: OrtaChemistry in Daily Life and Industrial Applications

Chemical fertilizers play a crucial role in modern agriculture by replenishing essential plant nutrients. Consider the following statements regarding the chemical properties and behavior of common chemical fertilizers:

1. Urea (CO(NH2)2CO(NH_2)_2) is an organic nitrogenous fertilizer that leaves a strongly alkaline residue in the soil after prolonged application.
2. Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) is classified as a neutral fertilizer because its calcium carbonate content prevents soil acidification.
3. Single Superphosphate (SSP) provides both primary phosphorus (P2O5P_2O_5) and secondary sulfur (SS) nutrients to crops.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 2 and 3 onlyCevap
  2. B
    1 and 2 only
  3. C
    1 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Cevap

Statements 2 and 3 are correct.
The correct option identifies statements 2 and 3 as correct. Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) is widely known as a neutral fertilizer ('Kisan Khad') because its carbonate component balances soil acidity. Single Superphosphate (SSP) is valuable because it delivers both phosphorus (~16% P2O5P_2O_5) and essential sulfur (~12% S) to plants. Statement 1 is incorrect because urea application ultimately increases soil acidity over time due to the microbial nitrification process.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze Statement 1 regarding Urea's chemical residue in soil.
Statement 1 is incorrect.
Urea (CO(NH2)2CO(NH_2)_2) is chemically organic, but inside the soil, it undergoes enzymatic hydrolysis to ammonium ions (NH4+NH_4^+) followed by nitrification into nitrate ions (NO3−NO_3^-), releasing hydrogen ions (H+H^+). Thus, long-term application leaves an acidic residue, not an alkaline one.
2
Analyze Statement 2 regarding Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN).
Statement 2 is correct.
CAN is manufactured by mixing ammonium nitrate with calcium carbonate (limestone or dolomite). The presence of calcium carbonate neutralizes the acid-forming tendency of ammonium nitrate, making CAN a neutral fertilizer suitable for acid soils.
3
Analyze Statement 3 regarding Single Superphosphate (SSP).
Statement 3 is correct.
SSP is produced by reacting phosphate rock with sulfuric acid. The resulting product contains monocalcium phosphate (supplying phosphorus) and calcium sulfate/gypsum (supplying sulfur (~12%) and calcium).

Anahtar Kavram

Chemical Composition and Soil Interaction of Agricultural Fertilizers
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Konular

Chemistry in Daily Life and Industrial Applications

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