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Zorluk: OrtaPassage Assumptions and Underlying Premises

Read the passage given below carefully:

To combat severe chemical contamination in the state's river basins caused by untreated textile effluents, the provincial industrial development corporation recently announced a fifty percent capital subsidy for small and medium-scale dyeing units that install Zero-Liquid Discharge (ZLD) water purification units. Proponents of the policy contend that reducing the upfront capital equipment cost will incentivize hundreds of clustered small-scale dyeing firms to transition away from raw effluent discharge, thereby significantly restoring local river ecosystems within three years. However, while ZLD systems eliminate toxic liquid discharge, running these advanced membrane and evaporation systems consumes substantial electricity, sharply raising the daily operational cost per liter of processed wastewater. Consequently, unless state electricity regulatory commissions simultaneously introduce concessional industrial power tariffs dedicated to environmental compliance, the subsidy initiative will fail to achieve its intended ecological restoration goals.

Which one of the following assumptions is crucial to the author's argument above?

  1. The increased daily operational expenses of running ZLD units will discourage small-scale dyeing units from operating the purification systems consistently.Cevap
  2. B
    Zero-Liquid Discharge systems rely on advanced membrane filtration and thermal evaporation technologies to purify industrial wastewater.
  3. C
    Textile dyeing units are the largest consumers of freshwater among all manufacturing industries in the region.
  4. D
    Capital equipment subsidies provided by government agencies are universally ineffective in encouraging industrial compliance with environmental standards.

Cevap

The argument assumes that the increased daily operational expenses of running ZLD units will discourage small-scale dyeing units from operating the purification systems consistently.
The author concludes that the capital subsidy alone will fail because ZLD units increase daily power costs. For this conclusion to hold logically, the author must assume that these elevated running costs will actually deter dyeing units from operating the systems continuously. If firms were willing or forced to operate them regardless of electricity costs, the lack of cheap power would not cause the subsidy policy to fail.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the author's main conclusion and supporting premises.
Conclusion: The capital subsidy policy for ZLD units will fail to achieve its ecological goals unless concessional power tariffs are introduced. Supporting Premise: ZLD units consume substantial electricity, sharply raising daily operational costs per liter of treated wastewater.
An assumption is an unstated link that must be true for the premises to logically support the conclusion.
2
Apply the Negation Test to candidate assumptions.
Negate the statement: 'High daily operational expenses will NOT discourage small-scale dyeing units from operating the purification systems.' If operating costs do not discourage firms, the policy would succeed even without concessional tariffs. This negation directly destroys the author's conclusion.
If negating a statement invalidates the argument's conclusion, that statement is a necessary underlying assumption.

Anahtar Kavram

Passage Assumptions and Underlying Premises (Negation Test application)
Tahmini Süre:1m 30s
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Konular

Passage Assumptions and Underlying Premises

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