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Zorluk: OrtaGandhian Era and Major Mass Movements

Consider the following statements regarding the early local satyagrahas led by Mahatma Gandhi in India:

1. The Champaran Satyagraha (1917) was organized to protest against the Tinkathia system imposed on indigo cultivators.
2. The Kheda Satyagraha (1918) was launched primarily to support industrial mill workers demanding a plague bonus.
3. The Ahmedabad Mill Strike (1918) involved Mahatma Gandhi undertaking his first hunger strike in India.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. A
    1 and 2 only
  2. 1 and 3 onlyCevap
  3. C
    2 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2, and 3

Cevap

Statements 1 and 3 are correct. The option selecting '1 and 3 only' is the correct choice.
The statement combination '1 and 3 only' is correct. Champaran Satyagraha in 1917 successfully targeted the compulsory 3/20th indigo planting (Tinkathia system), and the Ahmedabad Mill Strike in 1918 marked Gandhi's first hunger strike in India. In contrast, Kheda Satyagraha was fought by peasants against land revenue collection during crop failure, not by industrial workers for a plague bonus.

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1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding Champaran Satyagraha (1917)
Statement 1 is correct. In Champaran (Bihar), peasants were bound under the Tinkathia system to cultivate indigo on 3/20th of their land.
This was Gandhi's first Civil Disobedience movement in India.
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding Kheda Satyagraha (1918)
Statement 2 is incorrect. The Kheda Satyagraha was organized for peasants suffering due to crop failure and famine who sought remission of land revenue.
The demand for a plague bonus was the issue in the Ahmedabad Mill Strike, not Kheda.
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding Ahmedabad Mill Strike (1918)
Statement 3 is correct. During the industrial dispute between cotton mill owners and workers in Ahmedabad, Gandhi undertook his first hunger strike to support workers demanding a 35% wage hike.
This fast pledged support to workers and brought about a quick settlement.

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Early Gandhian Regional Satyagrahas (Champaran, Ahmedabad, Kheda)
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Gandhian Era and Major Mass Movements

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