Match each clinical research scenario with the epidemiologic study design it best describes.
- Patients hospitalized with acute pancreatitis and a similar group of patients without the disease are interviewed about their past alcohol consumption.Case-control study
- A group of healthy college students is categorized by their vaping habits and followed for 10 years to determine the incidence of asthma in each group.Prospective cohort study
- A survey is administered to 5,000 community adults to simultaneously assess their current body mass index (BMI) and the presence of hypertension.Cross-sectional study
- Patients newly diagnosed with hypertension are randomly assigned to receive either medication A or medication B to evaluate blood pressure control over 6 months.Randomized controlled trial
Cevap
Scenario 1 is a Case-control study; Scenario 2 is a Prospective cohort study; Scenario 3 is a Cross-sectional study; Scenario 4 is a Randomized controlled trial.
Each study design has fundamental defining characteristics. A case-control study groups by disease status and looks backward for exposure. A prospective cohort study groups by exposure status and looks forward for disease incidence. A cross-sectional study assesses exposure and disease at a single point in time. A randomized controlled trial experimentally assigns an intervention to evaluate its effect.
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Epidemiologic Study Designs