Match each clinical presentation involving anxiety, stress, or fear-based symptoms to the most appropriate DSM-5 diagnosis based on symptom duration and characteristics.
- Symptoms including autonomic arousal, intrusive memories, and avoidance of reminders occurring for 3 weeks following a life-threatening motor vehicle collision.Acute Stress Disorder
- Symptoms of severe distress, flashbacks, negative alterations in cognition, and hypervigilance persisting for 6 months after experiencing a violent assault.Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
- Disproportionate fear and avoidance of highly specific situations, such as flying or heights, enduring for more than 6 months and causing significant impairment.Specific Phobia
- Marked fear or anxiety about two or more situations, such as using public transportation or being in open spaces, due to thoughts that escape might be difficult.Agoraphobia
- Development of emotional and behavioral symptoms out of proportion to an identifiable psychosocial stressor (e.g., sudden job loss), occurring within 3 months of the event.Adjustment Disorder
Cevap
The correct matches rely on accurately applying temporal criteria (e.g., 1-month cutoff for trauma responses) and symptom specificity to DSM-5 definitions.
Each presentation matches its respective DSM-5 diagnosis based on specific duration thresholds (e.g., the 1-month cutoff differentiating ASD from PTSD) and phenomenological features (e.g., isolated triggers in specific phobia versus escape-focused environments in agoraphobia).
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Anahtar Kavram
Differentiation of anxiety, trauma, and stressor-related disorders requires careful assessment of symptom duration (e.g., ASD vs. PTSD) and the specific nature of the psychological trigger.