Evaluate the following distinct patient presentations encountered in an outpatient clinic and pair each with its most accurate diagnostic classification based on DSM-5 criteria.
- A 24-year-old woman consistently declines invitations to social gatherings and avoids the workplace cafeteria due to an intense, persistent fear of embarrassing herself while eating or speaking in front of others.Social Anxiety Disorder
- A 42-year-old woman spends several hours each day silently mentally reviewing her past conversations to ensure she did not accidentally insult anyone, causing significant distress and frequent lateness to work.Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
- A 33-year-old man restricts his travel to a narrow radius around his home and absolutely refuses to use public transportation, fearing he might experience a sudden, incapacitating panic attack with no way to get help or escape.Agoraphobia
- A 28-year-old woman presents with a history of recurrent, unexpected episodes of palpitations, shortness of breath, and a fear of dying that peak within minutes. She now constantly worries about when the next episode will occur.Panic Disorder
- A 36-year-old man reports chronic, persistent worry about his health, his family's safety, and minor everyday tasks for the past 9 months, accompanied by poor sleep, irritability, and muscle tension.Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Cevap
The presentations match as follows: Presentation 1 (fear of scrutiny) to Social Anxiety Disorder; Presentation 2 (mental reviewing) to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Presentation 3 (fear of no escape) to Agoraphobia; Presentation 4 (unexpected attacks and anticipatory worry) to Panic Disorder; Presentation 5 (chronic pervasive worry for more than 6 months) to Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
Each presentation highlights the defining DSM-5 criteria for specific anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Social Anxiety Disorder is driven by fear of negative evaluation; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder features obsessions and compulsions; Agoraphobia involves fear of being unable to escape; Panic Disorder requires recurrent unexpected attacks and anticipatory anxiety; Generalized Anxiety Disorder involves pervasive, difficult-to-control worry for at least 6 months.
Adım Adım Çözüm
Anahtar Kavram
Differentiating anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, and related disorders based on core clinical features, primary fears, and timeframes.