Match the following brief clinical scenarios detailing symptom onset, duration, and core clinical features to their most appropriate DSM-5 psychiatric diagnosis.
- A patient develops intrusive flashbacks, negative mood, and severe hyperarousal 10 days after a violent physical assault; all symptoms resolve completely within three weeks of the event.Acute stress disorder
- A patient experiences pervasive, uncontrollable apprehension about job security, household chores, and their children's safety on most days for the past 9 months, accompanied by muscle tension and fatigue.Generalized anxiety disorder
- A patient avoids crowded grocery stores, riding the subway, and attending outdoor concerts for 7 months due to persistent fears that escape would be difficult if they were to suddenly develop panic-like symptoms.Agoraphobia
- A patient has experienced four spontaneous surges of intense terror peaking within minutes over the past year, and now constantly modifies daily behaviors to prevent future surges from occurring.Panic disorder
Cevap
Scenario 1 matches Acute stress disorder; Scenario 2 matches Generalized anxiety disorder; Scenario 3 matches Agoraphobia; Scenario 4 matches Panic disorder.
Each clinical scenario maps directly to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for anxiety and trauma-related disorders based primarily on duration thresholds (e.g., <1 month for ASD, >6 months for GAD and Agoraphobia) and the specific cognitive focus of the anxiety (unexpected attacks for Panic Disorder).
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Anahtar Kavram
Differential diagnosis of anxiety and trauma-related disorders relies heavily on symptom duration (e.g., ASD vs. PTSD) and the specific focus of the core fear (e.g., unexpected surges vs. difficult escape vs. generalized worry).