A 31-year-old man presents to the psychiatry clinic deeply distressed. For the past 3 week… — USMLE Step 2 CK

A 31-year-old man presents to the psychiatry clinic deeply distressed. For the past 3 weeks, since the birth of his daughter, he has been experiencing recurrent, intrusive images of himself dropping the infant down the stairs. He states, "I love her more than anything and would never hurt her, but these terrifying thoughts keep popping into my head." To neutralize his anxiety, he mentally recites the alphabet backward exactly three times every time the image occurs. This cycle repeats dozens of times a day. He has refused to hold the baby, placing significant strain on his marriage.

His medical history is notable for congenital long QT syndrome. His psychiatric history includes a severe manic episode with psychotic features at age 24, for which he was hospitalized and successfully treated. However, he discontinued all psychiatric medications two years ago and has been euthymic since. An electrocardiogram today shows a QTc interval of $490 \text{ ms}$ .

Which of the following are the most appropriate steps in the clinical management of this patient? (Select exactly 2)

Provide psychoeducation that his thoughts do not reflect an intent to harm the infantCevap
Initiate exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapyCevap
C
Initiate fluoxetine monotherapy for the obsessive-compulsive symptoms
D
Initiate clomipramine to target the mental rituals
E
Report the patient to child welfare services due to the risk of child abuse
F
Diagnose schizophreniform disorder based on the 3-week duration of symptoms

Cevap

The most appropriate steps are to provide psychoeducation that his thoughts do not reflect true intent to harm, and to initiate exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy.

This patient presents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) characterized by ego-dystonic harm obsessions and mental compulsions. First-line treatments for OCD include serotonergic antidepressants and cognitive-behavioral therapy, specifically exposure and response prevention (ERP). However, this patient's history of Bipolar I disorder makes selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) monotherapy strictly contraindicated due to the high risk of precipitating a manic episode. Furthermore, his congenital long QT syndrome contraindicates the use of clomipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant known to prolong the QTc interval. Therefore, ERP therapy is the safest and most appropriate definitive intervention. Additionally, providing psychoeducation is a critical initial management step; patients with postpartum harm obsessions are often terrified they will act on their thoughts, and clinical reassurance that these ego-dystonic thoughts do not equate to true intent is highly therapeutic.

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Identify the primary psychiatric diagnosis based on the clinical presentation.

The patient exhibits ego-dystonic intrusive thoughts of harming his child (obsessions) and engages in mental rituals to neutralize anxiety (compulsions). The diagnosis is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) with postpartum onset.

Accurate diagnosis is required to differentiate OCD from postpartum psychosis or other psychotic disorders, which dictate entirely different management.

Evaluate the patient's medical and psychiatric history for pharmacological contraindications.

The patient has unmedicated Bipolar I disorder (history of severe mania) and congenital long QT syndrome (

QTc = 490 \text{ ms}

Comorbidities severely restrict the use of standard first-line medications for OCD.

Select the safest and most effective initial treatment modalities.

Exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy is selected as the safest definitive treatment. Psychoeducation is provided immediately to alleviate extreme distress.

SSRI monotherapy risks precipitating mania in Bipolar I. Clomipramine risks fatal arrhythmias in long QT syndrome. Breaking confidentiality is inappropriate because harm obsessions carry no true intent.

Anahtar Kavram

Management of complex OCD requires balancing evidence-based interventions against comorbid contraindications, specifically avoiding SSRI monotherapy in unmedicated Bipolar I disorder and avoiding QTc-prolonging agents in congenital long QT syndrome. Furthermore, ego-dystonic harm obsessions do not warrant breaking patient confidentiality.

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