Match the following brief clinical presentations with their most appropriate DSM-5 psychiatric diagnosis.
- A patient experiences 7 months of excessive, uncontrollable worry about various aspects of daily life, accompanied by muscle tension and fatigue.Generalized anxiety disorder
- A patient develops intrusive memories, negative mood, avoidance, and hyperarousal exactly 2 weeks after surviving a severe motor vehicle collision.Acute stress disorder
- A patient experiences recurrent, unexpected episodes of intense fear reaching a peak within minutes, followed by persistent concern about having future episodes.Panic disorder
- A patient actively avoids speaking in meetings or eating in public due to a persistent, intense fear of being negatively evaluated by others for the past 8 months.Social anxiety disorder
Cevap
Match the clinical presentations to their respective diagnoses based on core symptoms and timeline criteria: 7 months of excessive worry aligns with Generalized anxiety disorder; 2 weeks of post-trauma symptoms aligns with Acute stress disorder; unexpected panic attacks with anticipatory anxiety aligns with Panic disorder; and 8 months of fear of scrutiny aligns with Social anxiety disorder.
Each clinical vignette provides specific symptom clusters and duration timelines that uniquely satisfy the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for only one of the provided disorders. The key differentiators are the nature of the anxiety (worry vs. panic vs. social evaluation) and the exact duration of symptoms.
Adım Adım Çözüm
Anahtar Kavram
Diagnosis of anxiety and trauma-related disorders requires identifying the core fear/symptom and accurately applying DSM-5 timeline criteria.