Question

Difficulty: MediumComparing and Contrasting Multiple Experimental Designs

To investigate the factors affecting the rate of transpiration in plants, students set up two distinct experiments using identical bean plants.

In Experiment 1, three plants were placed in separate chambers with varying levels of relative humidity (30%30\%, 50%50\%, and 70%70\%) at a constant temperature of 22C22^\circ\text{C} and a constant light intensity of 800 lux800\text{ lux}. The mass of water lost by each plant was measured after 6 hours.

In Experiment 2, three plants were placed in separate chambers at varying temperatures (18C18^\circ\text{C}, 24C24^\circ\text{C}, and 30C30^\circ\text{C}) at a constant relative humidity of 50%50\% and a constant light intensity of 800 lux800\text{ lux}. The mass of water lost by each plant was measured after 6 hours.

Determine whether the following statement is true or false:

The relative humidity of the environment in Experiment 2 was held constant at a value that was also tested as an experimental condition in Experiment 1.

Answer: Answer

Answer

The statement is true because the constant relative humidity of 50% in Experiment 2 is one of the three relative humidity levels (30%, 50%, and 70%) tested as an independent variable in Experiment 1.
The statement is correct because the relative humidity in Experiment 2 is kept constant at 50%, which is one of the three relative humidity conditions (30%, 50%, and 70%) evaluated in Experiment 1.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the relative humidity levels tested in Experiment 1.
The relative humidity levels tested in Experiment 1 are 30%30\%, 50%50\%, and 70%70\%.
These values represent the independent variable conditions for Experiment 1.
2
Identify the relative humidity conditions maintained in Experiment 2.
The relative humidity in Experiment 2 is held constant at 50%50\%.
Relative humidity is a controlled variable (constant) in Experiment 2.
3
Compare the constant relative humidity value from Experiment 2 to the levels tested in Experiment 1.
The constant value of 50%50\% in Experiment 2 matches the middle level (50%50\%) tested in Experiment 1.
This comparison directly evaluates the truth value of the statement.

Key Concept

Comparing independent variables and controlled constants across multiple experimental designs
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