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Difficulty: MediumWestward Migration, Frontier Conflicts, and Border Treaties

"Elder Brother: ... You pointed out to us the boundary line between the United States and the red people; but I now take the liberty to inform you, that that line cuts off from us a very large portion of the country which has been enjoyed by my forefathers from time immemorial. ... I have now told you the bounds of the lands of my forefathers, and I hope you will observe them, as you have desired us to do on our part. We have ever agreed to be peaceable, and to do no harm to your people..."
—Mishikinakwa (Little Turtle), Miami Chief, speech at the negotiations for the Treaty of Greenville, July 1795

Which of the following was a direct historical consequence of the treaty negotiations referenced in the excerpt?

  1. The formal relinquishment of Native American claims to the Ohio Territory, which facilitated increased migration and settlement by white Americans.Answer
  2. B
    A recognition of the national government's inability to raise a standing army, leading directly to the drafting of the U.S. Constitution to replace the Articles of Confederation.
  3. C
    The emergence of a consensus between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans supporting strict constructionist limits on the president's treaty-making powers.
  4. D
    The establishment of a federal policy to divide tribal lands into individual private allotments to assimilate Native Americans into agrarian society.

Answer

The formal relinquishment of Native American claims to the Ohio Territory, which facilitated increased migration and settlement by white Americans.
The option describing the formal relinquishment of claims is correct because the Treaty of Greenville (1795), signed in the wake of the Native American defeat at the Battle of Fallen Timbers, forced the Western Confederacy of tribes to cede vast lands in the Ohio country to the United States. This cleared the way for rapid and safer westward migration and settlement by white Americans.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the historical context, speaker, and document referenced in the excerpt.
The excerpt is from Miami Chief Little Turtle during negotiations for the Treaty of Greenville in 1795, which followed the Battle of Fallen Timbers.
Establishing the correct context prevents chronological confusion with other periods or documents.
2
Analyze the direct results of the Treaty of Greenville.
The treaty established a boundary line where the Western Confederacy ceded the southern and eastern parts of modern-day Ohio, which encouraged white settlement.
Determining the actual historical outcome of the treaty directly leads to the correct option.
3
Evaluate and eliminate incorrect options based on historical accuracy.
Confirm that the U.S. Constitution was already active (eliminating the Articles of Confederation distractor), that factions did not agree on strict constructionism (eliminating the factional consensus distractor), and that land allotment occurred under the 1887 Dawes Act (eliminating the assimilation policy distractor).
Elimination of distractors ensures the validity of the chosen answer.

Key Concept

Westward Migration, Frontier Conflicts, and Border Treaties
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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Topics

Westward Migration, Frontier Conflicts, and Border Treaties

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