Question

Difficulty: HardHow Laws are Made (Legislative Process)

In the Australian federal parliament, a bill that originated in and was passed by the Senate is subsequently sent to the House of Representatives. During the 'consideration in detail' stage in the House, members vote to amend (change) part of the bill's text. If the House of Representatives then passes this amended bill, what is the next requirement for it to become a law?

  1. The amended bill must be returned to the Senate so that both houses can agree on the exact same text.Answer
  2. B
    The bill is sent directly to the Governor-General for Royal Assent, as it has already been passed by both houses.
  3. C
    The Prime Minister must sign the bill to resolve the differences between the Senate and House versions.

Answer

The amended bill must be returned to the Senate so that both houses can agree on the exact same text.
In the Australian federal parliamentary system, the Constitution requires that both the House of Representatives and the Senate pass a bill in exactly the same form. If the House of Representatives makes changes (amendments) during the 'consideration in detail' stage to a bill that the Senate has already passed, the bill is not yet ready for the final step. It must be sent back to the Senate so that the senators can consider the new changes. Only when both houses are in complete agreement on every word of the bill can it be sent to the Governor-General for Royal Assent.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the status of the bill's text in both houses.
The bill has been passed by the Senate in its original form, but the House of Representatives has passed a version with new amendments.
To determine if the constitutional requirement for identical text has been met.
2
Apply the bicameral agreement rule of the Australian Constitution.
A bill cannot become law unless both the House of Representatives and the Senate pass it using the exact same wording.
This is a fundamental step in the legislative process to ensure both houses are in complete agreement.
3
Identify the necessary procedural step to resolve the difference.
The bill must be sent back to the house that first passed it (in this case, the Senate) so they can debate and vote on the House's changes.
To move toward a version of the bill that is identical in both houses before seeking Royal Assent.

Key Concept

Bicameral Agreement and the Identical Text Requirement

Hints

1
Consider what must happen if two different groups of people pass slightly different versions of the same rule.
2
Remember that the Australian Parliament is bicameral, and both the 'Upper' and 'Lower' houses have equal importance in the final text of a law.

Practice More

Research what happens if the two houses continue to disagree on a bill for a long time, leading to a 'Double Dissolution'.
Estimated Time:2m 0s
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