Security

442 questions

Question 101Question

Match each social engineering threat or attack vector on the left with its corresponding attack description on the right.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Pretexting
Shoulder Surfing
Watering Hole Attack
Typosquatting

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Pretexting matches the creation of a fabricated scenario by an auditor impersonator; Shoulder Surfing matches visual observation of passwords; Watering Hole Attack matches compromising a frequently visited industry website; Typosquatting matches registering misspelled domain names.
Each attack vector is matched to its defining characteristic: Pretexting involves creating a believable false context or identity; Shoulder Surfing involves physical line-of-sight observation; Watering Hole Attacks infect legitimate sites known to be frequented by targets; Typosquatting exploits user mistyping in web addresses.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the social engineering techniques involving deceptive scenarios.
Pretexting is identified as creating an invented scenario (a pretext) such as posing as an auditor to gain trust and credentials.
Pretexting specifically centers on creating a persona and scenario to manipulate the victim.
2
Analyze physical observation techniques.
Shoulder surfing is identified as visually observing a victim entering sensitive information like PINs or passwords.
Direct line-of-sight monitoring of screens or keypads defines shoulder surfing.
3
Analyze website-focused attack vectors.
Watering hole attacks compromise trusted industry websites frequented by targets, while typosquatting targets mistyped domain names.
Distinguishing between strategic site compromise (watering hole) and domain registration tricks (typosquatting) correctly pairs the web-based vectors.

Key Concept

Social Engineering Tactics and Attack Vector Classification
Question 102Question

While working on a company laptop in a public cafe, a remote employee notices an unfamiliar individual standing nearby and looking directly over their shoulder to observe credentials as they are typed. Which of the following social engineering threat types is occurring in this scenario?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Shoulder surfing

Answer

Shoulder surfing
The correct answer is shoulder surfing because the attacker is visually monitoring the user's screen and keyboard in a public area to capture sensitive login details.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the attack vector described in the scenario.
The attack involves direct physical line-of-sight observation of an employee's computer screen and keyboard in a public setting.
Identifying the method of observation narrows down the specific social engineering threat category.
2
Match the observed behavior with standard social engineering terminology.
Directly watching someone enter sensitive information over their shoulder or from a nearby vantage point is classified as shoulder surfing.
Understanding security definitions allows proper classification and mitigation.

Key Concept

Shoulder Surfing
Estimated Time:45s
Question 103Question

Match each physical security control mechanism on the left with its primary protective function or implementation purpose on the right.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Biometric Scanner
Cable Lock
Industrial Cross-Cut Shredder
Proximity Card Reader

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

The correct matches pair Biometric Scanner with verifying identity using unique physical traits, Cable Lock with securing hardware to stationary fixtures, Industrial Cross-Cut Shredder with destroying sensitive paper and optical media, and Proximity Card Reader with granting access via contactless token detection.
Each physical security control serves a specific protective purpose: Biometric scanners use physiological attributes to verify identity, cable locks physically anchor hardware to prevent theft, shredders render physical media unreadable to prevent dumpster diving, and proximity readers validate RFID access tokens.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary function of a Biometric Scanner
Matches with verifying identity via unique physical traits.
Biometrics rely on biological characteristics such as fingerprints or retina scans for authentication.
2
Identify the primary function of a Cable Lock
Matches with securing hardware to stationary fixtures.
Cable locks physically tie down equipment using hardened steel cables connected to security slots.
3
Identify the primary function of an Industrial Cross-Cut Shredder
Matches with destroying paper and media to prevent dumpster diving.
Shredding ensures physical documents and media cannot be reconstructed by attackers.
4
Identify the primary function of a Proximity Card Reader
Matches with granting physical access based on contactless token detection.
Proximity card readers detect RFID/NFC signals emitted from employee access badges.

Key Concept

Physical Security Controls and Functions
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Question 104Question

A technician is installing a new wireless access point in a small home office that lacks a centralized RADIUS authentication server. The client requires a wireless security configuration that utilizes Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for data privacy while authenticating users via a shared passphrase. Which of the following wireless security standards should the technician select?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: WPA2-Personal

Answer

WPA2-Personal is the correct security standard because it uses AES encryption and authenticates devices via a pre-shared key without requiring a RADIUS server.
WPA2-Personal utilizes AES encryption (CCMP) to secure wireless communications and uses a pre-shared key (PSK) for authentication, meeting the requirement for AES without needing a centralized RADIUS server.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze environment authentication constraints
No RADIUS server is present, which rules out enterprise 802.1X solutions.
Enterprise wireless modes require centralized authentication services like RADIUS.
2
Evaluate encryption protocol requirement
The requirement specifies AES (Advanced Encryption Standard).
Legacy protocols like WEP (RC4) and WPA-TKIP do not utilize AES.
3
Select the appropriate security protocol
WPA2-Personal fulfills both requirements by combining CCMP/AES encryption with passphrase-based PSK authentication.
It provides strong encryption without relying on external authentication infrastructure.

Key Concept

Wireless Encryption and Authentication (Personal vs. Enterprise)
Question 105Question

A security engineer is hardening a pool of shared workstation computers running Windows 11 Enterprise. To mitigate insider threats, management mandates that standard users must never be allowed to elevate privileges or be presented with an administrator login prompt when executing unauthorized software. Which Security Options policy setting within the Security Settings node should the engineer configure to fulfill this requirement?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Set 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for standard users' to 'Automatically deny elevation requests'.

Answer

Set 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for standard users' to 'Automatically deny elevation requests'.
Configuring 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for standard users' to 'Automatically deny elevation requests' ensures that whenever an application attempts to run with administrative privileges from a standard user account, Windows immediately returns a permission denied error without prompting for administrator credentials.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the security goal in the scenario.
Standard users must be prevented from seeing or attempting administrative credential prompts upon elevation requests.
Security hardening requires blocking privilege escalation vectors entirely for standard user sessions.
2
Evaluate the User Account Control security policies related to standard user behavior.
The setting 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for standard users' controls prompt behavior.
Configuring this setting to 'Automatically deny elevation requests' enforces an immediate access denied error when standard users try running elevated operations.
3
Distinguish correct policy settings from unrelated file permissions and edition features.
NTFS permission changes or Control Panel applet modifications do not manage UAC elevation prompt policies.
UAC policies specifically dictate OS elevation consent and credential request behaviors.

Key Concept

User Account Control Security Policy Elevation Settings
Question 106Question

A cybersecurity technician is reviewing various security incident reports across an enterprise network. Match each threat type or social engineering vector on the left to its corresponding real-world incident description on the right.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Typosquatting
Dumpster Diving
Logic Bomb
Smishing

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Typosquatting corresponds to registering lookalike web domains to exploit typing mistakes. Dumpster Diving corresponds to searching physical waste bins for un-shredded internal documents. Logic Bomb corresponds to dormant malicious code designed to execute upon specific system events or triggers. Smishing corresponds to using deceptive SMS text messages for phishing attacks.
Each attack vector accurately aligns with its defining operation: Typosquatting exploits browser address mistyping using lookalike domains; Dumpster Diving extracts physical papers from refuse areas; Logic Bombs run code conditionally upon specified triggers; and Smishing delivers phishing lures via mobile SMS messages.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the attack vectors to distinguish digital communication vectors from physical vectors and program logic threats.
Identify physical data retrieval (waste inspection), mobile messaging (SMS), web domain manipulation (URL mistyping), and automated code execution conditions.
CompTIA threat taxonomy categorizes social engineering and malware based on their delivery mechanism and target.
2
Associate each term with its primary delivery mechanism.
Typosquatting targets URL typing errors; Dumpster Diving targets physical disposal areas; Logic Bomb relies on conditional software triggers; Smishing relies on cellular text messages.
Accurate alignment ensures proper selection of security controls for remediation.

Key Concept

Social Engineering Techniques and Threat Classifications
Estimated Time:2m 0s
Question 107Question

An IT technician is troubleshooting a newly deployed guest Wi-Fi network in a medical clinic. Guests are able to connect to the WPA3-Personal wireless network using a shared passphrase, but several patients report that their mobile devices can discover and attempt to access local network resources, including shared medical printer queues and other connected guest devices. Which of the following configurations should the technician enable on the wireless access point to isolate guest traffic and limit their access strictly to the internet?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Wireless Client Isolation (AP Isolation)

Answer

Enabling Wireless Client Isolation (AP Isolation) on the access point.
Wireless Client Isolation operates at the access point level to prevent connected wireless stations from communicating directly with one another or discovering local network resources on the same subnet. It ensures traffic from each client is routed strictly to the internet gateway.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the core problem described in the scenario
Connected guest devices are able to see and communicate with local network resources and other peer devices on the same wireless segment.
Standard SOHO or basic guest WLANs default to allowing peer-to-peer communication across the layer-2 network broadcast domain.
2
Evaluate wireless security mechanisms for peer segregation
Wireless Client Isolation restricts each connected endpoint so it can only talk to the default gateway (router), blocking intra-SSID client-to-client communication.
This guarantees guest devices remain isolated from internal network shares, printers, and neighboring endpoints.
3
Distinguish between authentication mechanisms and traffic management
Options like 802.1X/RADIUS or MAC filtering govern who can connect, but do not prevent connected devices on the same subnet from broadcasting to each other.
Authentication controls identity verification, whereas client isolation controls packet forwarding boundaries.

Key Concept

Wireless Client Isolation (AP Isolation)
Question 108Question

A user logged into a Windows workstation attempts to install a signed device driver for a new peripheral. Before the installation script executes, the screen dims and a pop-up window appears requesting explicit confirmation to allow the app to make changes to the device. Which of the following Windows security features is responsible for generating this elevation prompt?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: User Account Control (UAC)

Answer

User Account Control (UAC)
User Account Control (UAC) is designed to improve Windows security by limiting application software to standard user privileges until an administrator explicitly authorizes an elevation request. When driver installations or administrative tasks occur, UAC notifies the user and asks for permission or credentials.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the scenario requirements.
The operation involves installing a hardware driver, which requires system-level administrative privileges in Windows.
Installing drivers modifies system files and registry keys protected by the operating system.
2
Identify the operating system security boundary.
User Account Control (UAC) intercepts the administrative request and prompts the user on the Secure Desktop before granting elevated rights.
UAC prevents unauthorized background changes by requiring user consent or credentials.

Key Concept

User Account Control (UAC) Elevation Prompts
Estimated Time:45s
Question 109Question

A network administrator is hardening Windows 11 Enterprise desktop images for a public library computer lab. The organization's security policy mandates two strict requirements: standard user accounts must be blocked from initiating any privilege elevation requests (preventing credential prompt pop-ups), and local administrators performing maintenance must receive a consent prompt on an isolated screen before executing elevated tasks. Which TWO policy settings under Local Security Policy (`secpol.msc`) should the administrator configure to satisfy these security requirements?

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for standard users — Automatically deny elevation requests; User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for administrators in Admin Approval Mode — Prompt for consent on the secure desktop

Answer

The administrator should configure 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for standard users' to 'Automatically deny elevation requests' and 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for administrators in Admin Approval Mode' to 'Prompt for consent on the secure desktop'.
Configuring 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for standard users' to 'Automatically deny elevation requests' ensures that standard users cannot invoke elevation prompts or attempt credential entry. Configuring 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for administrators in Admin Approval Mode' to 'Prompt for consent on the secure desktop' forces administrators to confirm elevation on an isolated desktop, satisfying both security requirements.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the standard user security requirement
Standard users must not be able to elevate or view credential prompts.
Setting the policy 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for standard users' to 'Automatically deny elevation requests' fulfills this by instantly blocking administrative elevation attempts from non-admin accounts.
2
Identify the administrative elevation security requirement
Administrators must confirm actions via a consent prompt on an isolated screen.
Setting 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for administrators in Admin Approval Mode' to 'Prompt for consent on the secure desktop' ensures administrators are prompted to allow execution on the secure desktop without needing to enter password credentials.

Key Concept

Windows Local Security Policy (secpol.msc) User Account Control Elevation Behaviors
Question 110Question

A security technician is investigating a series of compromised user credentials in the accounting department. The investigation reveals that affected employees attempted to navigate to the corporate vendor portal at `vendorportal.com`, but accidentally mistyped the web address as `venderportal.com`. The misspelled website presented an identical mirrored login interface that captured the employees' domain credentials. Which of the following social engineering attack types best describes this threat?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Typosquatting

Answer

Typosquatting
Typosquatting (also known as URL hijacking) is a form of social engineering where an attacker registers domain names that are common misspellings of legitimate websites. When users accidentally mistype the URL, they are directed to a malicious site designed to steal credentials or deliver malware.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the attack mechanism presented in the scenario.
The attack relies on users accidentally making typing errors when entering a legitimate domain URL (`vendorportal.com` vs `venderportal.com`).
Identifying how the victim arrived at the malicious site determines the vector.
2
Evaluate the delivery method against social engineering threat classifications.
Registering common mistyped variants of popular or corporate domain names to host fake credential-harvesting sites is known as typosquatting or URL hijacking.
Matching the characteristic behavior to standard CompTIA threat definitions isolates the correct term.

Key Concept

Typosquatting (URL Hijacking)
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 111Question

Match each enterprise wireless security role to its correct function within an 802.1X network infrastructure.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Supplicant
Authenticator
Authentication Server

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Supplicant matches Client software or endpoint requesting access; Authenticator matches Wireless Access Point (WAP) relaying EAP messages; Authentication Server matches RADIUS server validating user credentials.
In an 802.1X architecture, the Supplicant requests network access, the Authenticator (WAP) relays authentication traffic, and the Authentication Server (RADIUS) evaluates credentials against the centralized database.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the endpoint requesting connectivity.
The client device operating on the wireless network is defined as the Supplicant.
In the 802.1X standard, the device seeking network admission is the supplicant.
2
Identify the intermediary network device controlling access.
The Wireless Access Point serves as the Authenticator.
The access point acts as a gatekeeper, relaying EAPOL packets from the client to RADIUS format for the server.
3
Identify the database authority issuing authentication decisions.
The central server running RADIUS functions as the Authentication Server.
The AAA/RADIUS server compares submitted credentials against directory services like Active Directory to grant or deny access.

Key Concept

802.1X Wireless Framework Roles
Question 112Question

A system administrator is reviewing recent security incident reports involving distinct social engineering tactics across different corporate departments. Match each specific incident scenario on the left with the correct social engineering threat classification on the right.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

An adversary injects malicious client-side code into a niche regional trade publication website routinely visited by the company's research team, causing visitors' browsers to silently download a payload.
An adversary contacts a database engineer via telephone while assuming a fabricated identity as a third-party compliance auditor, using fake audit ticket numbers to persuade the engineer to provide internal schema details.
An adversary registers a web domain that replaces the letter 'o' with a '0' in the company's Single Sign-On (SSO) login portal URL, successfully capturing credentials from employees who miskey the address.
An adversary sends a tailored, highly specific email to the Chief Financial Officer's executive assistant, referencing an ongoing confidential acquisition to trick the assistant into opening a weaponized file attachment.

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Watering Hole Attack matches the trade publication injection scenario; Pretexting matches the phone call with a fabricated auditor identity; Typosquatting matches the slightly miskeyed SSO portal domain; Spear Phishing matches the highly targeted email to the executive assistant.
Each attack scenario aligns with a specific CompTIA A+ threat definition based on its vector and mechanism: watering hole attacks leverage compromised frequented websites; pretexting relies on a invented background/persona; typosquatting relies on domain mistyping; and spear phishing uses customized targeted email content.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the trade publication injection scenario.
Identified as a Watering Hole Attack because the attacker compromised a trusted third-party website frequently visited by a specific targeted demographic.
Watering hole attacks target specific groups by infecting websites they naturally frequent rather than targeting them directly.
2
Analyze the phone call scenario involving the fake auditor identity.
Identified as Pretexting because the attacker created a complex scenario and fake persona to build trust and extract internal data.
Pretexting relies on crafting a deceptive story or persona to manipulate someone into releasing information.
3
Analyze the misspelled SSO portal domain scenario.
Identified as Typosquatting (URL hijacking) due to deliberate domain registration matching common typing errors.
Typosquatting exploits human typographical errors when entering web addresses into browsers.
4
Analyze the customized email scenario sent to the executive assistant.
Identified as Spear Phishing because it is a tailored email attack targeted at a specific individual using specific internal context.
Spear phishing differs from mass phishing by customizing content for high-value individuals or specific personnel within an organization.

Key Concept

Distinguishing distinct social engineering vector characteristics and attack methodologies in corporate IT environments.
Estimated Time:2m 0s
Question 113Question

During a security audit at a financial consulting firm, a technician discovers that multiple workstations in the payroll department were infected with stealth malware. Logs show that all compromised users routinely visit an obscure, third-party state tax regulation portal to verify daily compliance updates. An attacker secretly compromised this trusted external portal and injected code that automatically redirects visiting payroll staff to a server hosting an exploit kit, executing malicious code on unpatched web browsers without requiring any user interaction or email link clicks. Which of the following attack vectors best describes this incident?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Watering hole attack

Answer

The attack vector described in the scenario is a watering hole attack.
A watering hole attack occurs when an attacker identifies a website frequently visited by members of a targeted group or organization, compromises that site, and plants malicious code to infect visitors' systems. In this scenario, compromising the third-party state tax regulation portal to infect payroll staff automatically upon visiting aligns precisely with a watering hole attack.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the attack mechanism described in the incident report.
Identified that the attacker did not send direct messages or rely on user typing errors, but instead compromised a legitimate third-party website frequently used by a targeted group (payroll staff).
Understanding how the initial compromise occurred isolates the specific social engineering threat category.
2
Evaluate the delivery method of the exploit.
The exploit was delivered automatically upon visiting the compromised industry site via an exploit kit, taking advantage of a trusted user environment.
Targeting a trusted website frequented by a specific demographic is the defining characteristic of a watering hole attack.
3
Compare against alternative attack classifications.
Eliminated spear phishing (requires targeted messaging), pretexting (requires direct social interaction/manipulation), and typosquatting (requires domain misspelling).
Differentiating attack indicators ensures accurate threat classification and appropriate mitigation planning.

Key Concept

Watering Hole Attack
Estimated Time:2m 0s
Question 114Question

A helpdesk technician has successfully scanned and removed a malware infection from a user's Windows workstation. Which TWO actions should the technician perform next to complete the final steps of the CompTIA standard malware remediation process? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Enable System Restore and create a new restore point.; Educate the end user on security awareness and safe browsing practices.

Answer

The technician must enable System Restore and create a new restore point, and also educate the end user on safe browsing practices.
According to the CompTIA standard 7-step malware remediation process, once malware is successfully removed and software updates are scheduled, the final procedures are to re-enable System Restore and create a clean restore point, followed by educating the end user on security best practices.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the remaining required steps in the CompTIA 7-step malware removal process following malware remediation.
The final steps in the official process are scheduling updates, enabling System Restore / creating a restore point (Step 6), and educating the end user (Step 7).
These steps ensure long-term system recovery capability and prevent recurring infection through user awareness.
2
Match the required process steps to the valid options.
Re-enabling System Restore with a clean restore point and conducting end-user education are the correct actions.
Both actions directly correspond to steps 6 and 7 of the CompTIA 7-step remediation process.

Key Concept

CompTIA 7-Step Malware Remediation Process
Question 115Question

A field technician is setting up network equipment inside an Intermediate Distribution Frame (IDF) closet located in a public hallway of a multi-tenant facility. Because the closet door must remain unlocked during business hours to comply with local building regulations, the technician needs to secure the physical hardware itself from unauthorized physical extraction and prevent unauthorized Ethernet connections. Which of the following physical security controls should the technician implement?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Install lockable equipment enclosures and physical RJ-45 port locks

Answer

Installing lockable equipment enclosures and physical RJ-45 port locks directly secures the hardware inside the unlocked room from physical theft and blocks unauthorized physical connections.
Lockable rack enclosures prevent unauthorized removal of network switches from the rack frame, and RJ-45 port locks physically restrict insertion of cables into open ports. Together, these measures secure hardware and ports even when the room itself cannot be locked.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the physical security threat in the scenario.
The equipment is exposed in an unlocked room where unauthorized individuals could physically steal devices or plug into open network ports.
Identifying the specific threat vector dictates which physical controls are appropriate.
2
Evaluate the controls that prevent physical extraction and unauthorized port access.
Lockable equipment enclosures prevent unauthorized removal of hardware from server racks, and RJ-45 port locks block open ports from unauthorized cable insertion.
These controls provide direct active physical deterrence against theft and unauthorized network connection.

Key Concept

Physical Hardware and Port Security Controls
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 116Question

A desktop technician is hardening standalone Windows 11 Pro workstations. The security policy mandates that administrative users must explicitly re-enter their credentials on the Secure Desktop whenever an application requests elevated privileges. In what sequence should the technician perform the steps to configure this behavior via Local Security Policy?

Drag items to arrange them in the correct order

Show answer & explanation

Answer

The correct sequence is to first open the Run dialog box and launch secpol.msc, then navigate to Local Policies > Security Options, next open User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for administrators in Admin Approval Mode, and finally select Prompt for credentials on the secure desktop and click OK.
To enforce credential prompting for administrators on the Secure Desktop, the technician must first access the Local Security Policy console via secpol.msc. From there, expanding Local Policies and clicking Security Options brings up UAC policy settings. Opening 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for administrators in Admin Approval Mode' allows changing the default consent behavior to 'Prompt for credentials on the secure desktop'.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Launch the Local Security Policy console
The secpol.msc console window opens.
Administrative security options such as UAC elevation behaviors are managed through the Local Security Policy console.
2
Navigate to the Security Options node
The panel displays security policies related to account behavior and UAC settings.
User Account Control policies reside under Local Policies > Security Options in the console hierarchy.
3
Select the administrator elevation policy
The properties dialog window for administrator elevation prompts opens.
The policy named 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for administrators in Admin Approval Mode' explicitly targets administrator elevation responses.
4
Configure the dropdown option to prompt for credentials on the secure desktop
The policy is updated to require full credential entry on the dimmed Secure Desktop whenever elevation is requested.
This setting enforces re-authentication on the Secure Desktop to prevent automated malware privilege escalation.

Key Concept

Configuring User Account Control elevation policy settings using secpol.msc
Question 117Question

A network administrator is evaluating authentication methods and security protocols for a corporate wireless network deployment. Match each wireless security protocol or framework on the left with its defining technical requirement or operational feature on the right.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

EAP-TLS
PEAP / EAP-TTLS
WPA3-Personal (SAE)
802.1X with RADIUS

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

EAP-TLS matches mutual certificate authentication; PEAP / EAP-TTLS matches tunneled authentication with server-side certificates; WPA3-Personal (SAE) matches key exchange resistant to offline dictionary attacks; 802.1X with RADIUS matches centralized port-based access control.
Each protocol or framework is accurately paired with its primary technical requirement: EAP-TLS relies on mutual certificates, PEAP/EAP-TTLS tunnels password authentication via a server certificate, WPA3-Personal employs SAE to protect against dictionary attacks, and 802.1X with RADIUS provides centralized port-based network authentication.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the authentication requirements for mutual certificate-based EAP frameworks.
EAP-TLS requires certificates installed on both the client and server for mutual authentication.
EAP-TLS is uniquely defined by dual-sided certificate verification.
2
Differentiate tunneled EAP methods that simplify client onboarding.
PEAP and EAP-TTLS require only a server certificate to establish a secure tunnel for user credentials.
This avoids managing client-side certificates while securing password transmission.
3
Analyze key authentication mechanisms in modern WPA3 standards.
WPA3-Personal uses SAE (Simultaneous Authentication of Equals) to protect pre-shared key exchanges.
SAE provides forward secrecy and protects against offline password guessing.
4
Determine the overarching access control architecture for enterprise wireless networks.
802.1X with RADIUS handles port-based access control and relays EAP packets to a centralized directory server.
802.1X acts as the authentication framework transport mechanism.

Key Concept

Wireless Authentication Frameworks and Protocol Characteristics
Question 118Question

A technician is reviewing incident reports following a security breach at a branch office. According to the investigation, an attacker called several employees pretending to be internal IT support to solicit user credentials over the telephone. Later that afternoon, the attacker entered the restricted server facility without a badge by closely following a worker who held the door open out of courtesy. Which of the following social engineering threat types were directly demonstrated in this scenario? (Select TWO).

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Vishing; Piggybacking

Answer

The correct threat types demonstrated in the incident are vishing and piggybacking.
The scenario describes two distinct attacks: soliciting credentials over the phone (voice phishing or vishing) and gaining physical entry into a secure building by relying on an employee to hold the door open (piggybacking).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the phone-based attack vector described in the incident report.
Impersonating IT personnel over the telephone to solicit credentials matches the definition of voice phishing (vishing).
Vishing specifically relies on voice communications to conduct social engineering attacks.
2
Analyze the physical access vector described in the incident report.
Entering a physical security perimeter by having an authorized employee hold the door open constitutes piggybacking.
Piggybacking relies on social courtesy to gain access behind an authorized badge holder.

Key Concept

Identifying social engineering attack vectors across voice and physical channels
Question 119Question

A network technician is configuring a wireless network for a corporate office. Company policy mandates that each employee must authenticate using their own individual domain credentials via a centralized RADIUS server, rather than sharing a pre-shared passphrase. Which of the following wireless security standards should the technician implement?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: WPA3-Enterprise

Answer

WPA3-Enterprise
WPA3-Enterprise utilizes the 802.1X authentication framework, which forwards individual user credentials to a centralized RADIUS server for authentication against domain accounts.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the authentication requirement.
The requirement specifies authenticating users individually using domain credentials via RADIUS.
Enterprise security modes utilize 802.1X framework to interface with AAA servers like RADIUS.
2
Evaluate wireless security modes against the requirement.
WPA3-Enterprise provides 802.1X support for individual user logins, whereas Personal modes (PSK/SAE) rely on a single shared key.
Selecting an Enterprise mode satisfies the requirement for centralized, individual user access control.

Key Concept

Wireless Security Modes (Enterprise 802.1X vs. Personal PSK)
Question 120Question

A systems administrator suspects that a Windows workstation on the corporate network is infected with a trojan after observing suspicious background network traffic. The administrator has already disconnected the workstation from the network to quarantine it and has disabled System Restore. According to the standard CompTIA malware remediation procedure, which of the following actions should the administrator take NEXT?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Update the anti-malware software definitions and perform a complete system scan.

Answer

Update the anti-malware software definitions and perform a complete system scan.
The CompTIA 7-step malware remediation workflow follows a strict sequence: (1) Identify malware symptoms, (2) Quarantine infected systems, (3) Disable System Restore, (4) Remediate infected systems (update signatures and scan/remove), (5) Schedule updates and install OS patches, (6) Enable System Restore and create a restore point, and (7) Educate the end user. Since steps 1 through 3 are already completed, the next logical and required step is remediation via anti-malware updates and scanning.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the current stage in the CompTIA 7-step malware removal process.
Steps 1 (Identify/Research), 2 (Quarantine), and 3 (Disable System Restore) have already been completed.
Following the rigid sequence prevents reinfection from restore points and contains the threat.
2
Determine the required 4th step in the process.
Step 4 is 'Remediate the infected systems'.
Remediation involves updating anti-malware signatures/definitions and scanning the machine to remove the active infection.

Key Concept

CompTIA 7-Step Malware Remediation Process
Estimated Time:45s
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