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Difficulty: MediumOxidation Numbers and IUPAC Nomenclature of Redox Species

Match each chemical species on the left with the correct oxidation state of its central atom on the right.

  • KVO3KVO_3+5
  • Na2S2O3Na_2S_2O_3+2
  • K2PtCl6K_2PtCl_6+4
  • H3PO3H_3PO_3+3

Answer

Potassium trioxovanadate(V) (KVO3KVO_3) matches +5; Sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3Na_2S_2O_3) matches +2; Potassium hexachloroplatinate(IV) (K2PtCl6K_2PtCl_6) matches +4; Trioxophosphate(III) acid (H3PO3H_3PO_3) matches +3.
Each chemical species is correctly paired with the oxidation state of its central atom calculated by setting the sum of all oxidation numbers equal to zero.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Calculate oxidation state of Vanadium in KVO3KVO_3
Potassium is +1, Oxygen is -2. 1+V+3(−2)=0  ⟹  V=+51 + V + 3(-2) = 0 \implies V = +5.
The sum of oxidation numbers in a neutral compound equals zero.
2
Calculate oxidation state of Sulfur in Na2S2O3Na_2S_2O_3
Sodium is +1, Oxygen is -2. 2(1)+2S+3(−2)=0  ⟹  2S=4  ⟹  S=+22(1) + 2S + 3(-2) = 0 \implies 2S = 4 \implies S = +2.
Average oxidation state calculation per sulfur atom.
3
Calculate oxidation state of Platinum in K2PtCl6K_2PtCl_6
Potassium is +1, Chlorine is -1. 2(1)+Pt+6(−1)=0  ⟹  Pt=+42(1) + Pt + 6(-1) = 0 \implies Pt = +4.
Halogens in binary complex salts take an oxidation number of -1.
4
Calculate oxidation state of Phosphorus in H3PO3H_3PO_3
Hydrogen is +1, Oxygen is -2. 3(1)+P+3(−2)=0  ⟹  P=+33(1) + P + 3(-2) = 0 \implies P = +3.
Hydrogen in covalent oxoacids takes an oxidation state of +1.

Key Concept

Oxidation number calculation using standard rules for alkali metals, halogens, hydrogen, and oxygen in neutral inorganic compounds.
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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Topics

Oxidation Numbers and IUPAC Nomenclature of Redox Species

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