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Difficulty: MediumOxidation Numbers and IUPAC Nomenclature of Redox Species

Match each inorganic chemical formula on the left with its corresponding systematic IUPAC name on the right.

  • KMnO4\text{KMnO}_4Potassium tetraoxomanganate(VII)
  • KClO3\text{KClO}_3Potassium trioxochlorate(V)
  • K2CrO4\text{K}_2\text{CrO}_4Potassium tetraoxochromate(VI)
  • KNO2\text{KNO}_2Potassium dioxonitrate(III)

Answer

KMnO4\text{KMnO}_4 matches Potassium tetraoxomanganate(VII); KClO3\text{KClO}_3 matches Potassium trioxochlorate(V); K2CrO4\text{K}_2\text{CrO}_4 matches Potassium tetraoxochromate(VI); KNO2\text{KNO}_2 matches Potassium dioxonitrate(III).
Each chemical formula is correctly matched to its systematic IUPAC name by evaluating the oxidation state of the central atom: +7+7 for Mn\text{Mn} in KMnO4\text{KMnO}_4 (Potassium tetraoxomanganate(VII)), +5+5 for Cl\text{Cl} in KClO3\text{KClO}_3 (Potassium trioxochlorate(V)), +6+6 for Cr\text{Cr} in K2CrO4\text{K}_2\text{CrO}_4 (Potassium tetraoxochromate(VI)), and +3+3 for N\text{N} in KNO2\text{KNO}_2 (Potassium dioxonitrate(III)).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the oxidation state of the central atom in each chemical species using standard rules (Group 1 alkali metals =+1= +1, Oxygen =−2= -2, total neutral compound charge =0= 0).
Manganese in KMnO4\text{KMnO}_4 is +7+7; Chlorine in KClO3\text{KClO}_3 is +5+5; Chromium in K2CrO4\text{K}_2\text{CrO}_4 is +6+6; Nitrogen in KNO2\text{KNO}_2 is +3+3.
The Roman numeral in IUPAC nomenclature for oxo-compounds directly corresponds to the calculated oxidation state of the central non-metal or transition metal.
2
Map each chemical formula to its IUPAC name based on the oxygen ligand count prefix and the central atom's Roman numeral oxidation state.
KMnO4→\text{KMnO}_4 \rightarrow Potassium tetraoxomanganate(VII); KClO3→\text{KClO}_3 \rightarrow Potassium trioxochlorate(V); K2CrO4→\text{K}_2\text{CrO}_4 \rightarrow Potassium tetraoxochromate(VI); KNO2→\text{KNO}_2 \rightarrow Potassium dioxonitrate(III).
IUPAC convention requires specifying oxygen count (dioxo-, trioxo-, tetraoxo-) followed by the central element suffix (-ate) and its oxidation state in parentheses.

Key Concept

Oxidation number determination and IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic redox species.
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Topics

Oxidation Numbers and IUPAC Nomenclature of Redox Species

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