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Question

Difficulty: MediumSummary: Paraphrasing, Synthesis, and Conciseness

Read the passage below carefully:

Despite the abundance of sunshine in northern Nigeria, solar power adoption remains slow due to the high upfront cost of deep-cycle batteries and inverter equipment. While government subsidies have occasionally targeted large-scale municipal projects, smallholder farmers and micro-enterprises continue to rely on expensive, polluting petrol generators. Recent financial innovations, such as pay-as-you-go solar subscriptions managed through mobile money platforms, are beginning to dismantle this financial barrier. By converting prohibitive capital expenditure into manageable daily operational costs, these fintech-enabled micro-grids allow rural households to access clean energy without requiring collateral or substantial savings.

Which of the following options best summarizes the central message of the passage?

  1. A
    High upfront costs for deep-cycle batteries and inverters force smallholder farmers in northern Nigeria to rely on petrol generators.
  2. B
    Government subsidies for municipal solar projects will soon eliminate the need for petrol generators across northern Nigeria.
  3. Mobile-enabled pay-as-you-go solar models are helping rural households overcome high initial costs to access renewable energy.Answer
  4. D
    Rural households in northern Nigeria require substantial bank collateral and savings before accessing mobile money platforms.

Answer

Mobile-enabled pay-as-you-go solar models are helping rural households overcome high initial costs to access renewable energy.
The correct answer accurately synthesizes the main argument of the text: innovative pay-as-you-go financial models using mobile platforms address the central obstacle of high initial costs, enabling rural energy access.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary problem presented in the passage
High upfront capital costs for equipment prevent rural adoption of solar energy.
Establishing the core conflict is essential to finding the passage's main thesis.
2
Identify the primary solution presented by the author
Pay-as-you-go subscriptions using mobile platforms convert capital costs into daily payments.
The author's main emphasis is on how this innovation overcomes the financial barrier.
3
Evaluate options for concise synthesis versus minor details or false statements
The statement capturing how mobile pay-as-you-go models help rural users overcome high upfront costs succinctly combines the problem and solution.
A complete summary must synthesize the thesis accurately while excluding minor examples or misstatements.

Key Concept

Synthesizing main ideas while eliminating secondary details and unwarranted inferences
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Topics

Summary: Paraphrasing, Synthesis, and Conciseness

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