Read the passage below carefully and answer the question that follows:
In the semi-arid pastures of the Somali plateau, pastoral communities have traditionally relied on flexible nomadic mobility to prevent overgrazing on fragile rangelands. However, recent land privatization initiatives and the legal demarcation of fixed administrative borders have increasingly restricted seasonal migration routes. In response to these spatial constraints, several younger herders have begun establishing sedentary fodder farms along ephemeral riverbeds, utilizing low-cost drip irrigation powered by small solar pumps. While these cultivated fodder plots guarantee a reliable feed supply during severe dry spells, senior clan elders argue that tethering livestock to static parcels of land accelerates localized soil erosion and undermines long-standing inter-clan grazing agreements that maintained regional stability. Furthermore, the high upfront purchase cost of solar irrigation equipment has compelled resource-poor herders to take on high-interest loans from urban merchants, introducing novel financial vulnerabilities to a community that historically relied on informal mutual-aid networks. Consequently, the transition toward technology-assisted fodder cultivation is reshaping both the ecological landscape and the social cohesion of the plateau.
Based on the passage, what can be inferred about the traditional pastoral system before the introduction of land privatization and solar irrigation?
- AIt was ecologically unsustainable because pastoralists lacked modern technological equipment to cultivate fodder crops.
- It relied on communal cooperation and geographical mobility to manage environmental risks and maintain economic resilience.Answer
- CIt completely prevented dry-spell livestock losses through formal commercial credit arrangements with city traders.
- DIt caused widespread localized soil erosion due to tethering animals permanently along seasonal riverbeds.