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At the National Historical Repository, any researcher who is granted access to the restricted archives must possess a Level 4 security clearance. Furthermore, anyone who possesses a Level 4 security clearance has passed a rigorous federal background investigation. Dr. Aris is currently conducting research in the restricted archives.

If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true?

  1. Dr. Aris has passed a rigorous federal background investigation.Answer
  2. B
    Any researcher who has passed a rigorous federal background investigation is granted access to the restricted archives.
  3. C
    Researchers who do not have access to the restricted archives have not passed a rigorous federal background investigation.
  4. D
    Dr. Aris was specifically invited by the National Historical Repository to conduct research.
  5. E
    Most of the researchers who possess a Level 4 security clearance are currently conducting research in the restricted archives.

Answer

Dr. Aris has passed a rigorous federal background investigation.
The correct answer properly combines the conditional statements provided in the stimulus. The text states: Access -> Level 4 Clearance, and Level 4 Clearance -> Background Investigation. Therefore, Access -> Background Investigation. Since the text explicitly confirms Dr. Aris has access, it must be true that Dr. Aris passed the investigation.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the first conditional statement in the text.
Access to restricted archives implies possessing a Level 4 security clearance.
This establishes the requirements for the first group mentioned.
2
Identify the second conditional statement in the text.
Possessing a Level 4 security clearance implies passing a rigorous federal background investigation.
This establishes what is necessarily true about anyone holding the clearance.
3
Chain the two conditional statements together.
Access to restricted archives implies passing a rigorous federal background investigation.
Because the necessary condition of the first statement is the sufficient condition of the second, they form a transitive chain.
4
Apply the given factual premise to the conditional chain.
Since Dr. Aris has access to the restricted archives, Dr. Aris must have passed the rigorous federal background investigation.
This directly yields the correct, 100% provable answer.

Key Concept

Chaining conditional statements to deduce a logically guaranteed conclusion.
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